上海合作组织能源合作法律构建研究

发布时间：2018-01-29 16:02

  本文关键词： 上海合作组织 国际法律 能源合作 中国 俄罗斯　出处：《重庆大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：能源安全和能源政策是几十年来一直在国家的发展政策中的关键问题。能源问题被认为是各国社会经济发展中至关重要的问题。能源合作是最重要的国际关系和法律关系之一,并且能源问题的规范性法规是确保各国在法律上获得能源利益的原因。上海合作组织(SCO)是一个国际性的政府间区域组织,在21世纪的开始,从那段时间获得了重要性不仅在区域层面上,而且还在全球范围内越来越重要。最初,它被建立作为一个组织及其成员国中国、俄罗斯、哈萨克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦和塔吉克斯坦的区域稳定与安全。然而,在创建之后其活动范围很快就扩大到其他领域,如贸易、经济和能源等。各成员国在安全事项合作除了考虑作为平台的富有成效的合作,在经济事务中,包括能源组织。上合组织官方和非官方机构已参与讨论、谈判和关于能源领域的合作。作为世界上最大的能源出口之一的俄罗斯一直在促进本组织框架内的加强能源合作。作为世界上最大的能源进口国,中国有兴趣保护和使其能源供应多样化。另一大能源进口国,印度将在2016年加入该组织。伊朗,能源出口国,拥有观察员地位和西方制裁解除后有真正的机会在将来成为正式成员。因此,上海合作组织能源合作具有很大的潜力。然而,除了潜力组织需要法律和规范基础和相关的机构为各成员国必须能够有效地实现在能源领域的双边和多边项目,各成员国已经进行尝试组织和调节其能源合作在上合组织上合组织能源俱乐部的建立等。到目前为止,这些努力又无法满足建立本组织能源合作的有效机制。本文分析上合组织在能源领域的法律问题,规范和法律的行为,通过本组织和其成员在能源领域,使试图找到解决方案,以制定将允许他们实现互惠互利,调节能源合作,甚至创造能源自给空间的上合组织各国的能源合作机制。论文第一章是导论其成员之间的上合组织和能源合作。它介绍了上海合组织建立、主要目标和结构的发展史。它分析了如其地理上的接近,中国有意多元化能源供应,俄罗斯能源内促进合作上合组织成员国之间的能源合作的先决条件。它在整体领土、人口、GDP和会发生当印度和巴基斯坦将加入该组织,如果伊朗和蒙古加入它的主要能量特性显示所做的更改。这一章指出了文章和提及的经济和能源合作中,主要的上海合作组织杜尚别声明、叶卡特琳堡宣言、上合组织发展战略直到2025年等各类文件。第二部分涉及形式的合作和在能源领域的合作。为了理解上合组织成员之间的能源合作的发展,有必要研究和审查法律和规范基础能源政策的每个成员国家,特别是组织中国和俄罗斯的领导人。本章分析了中国和俄罗斯、中国和中亚地区,中国和俄罗斯的能源政策在世界和上合组织地区的法律依据双边关系特别是中国能源发展战略行动计划2014年-2020年和俄罗斯能源战略直到2030年等。它还涉及能源政策的中亚国家和它们与中国和俄罗斯合作的法律依据。此外,这一章回顾上合组织内的多边能源合作,例如上合组织能源俱乐部,俄罗斯,提出和建立上合组织以促进能源合作区;哈萨克斯坦提出了和亚洲的能源战略。这部分集中在上海合作组织国家不得不面对带头组织,地缘政治斗争,扩大中国和俄罗斯的竞争等问题的政治和经济挑战和一些内部的挑战。第三章提出了比较上海合作组织和欧亚经济共同体(EEU)的能源合作。EEU已经比上合组织在创造一个共同的能量空间,为其成员,包括法律体制支持等法院的欧亚经济联盟的能源合作提供法律依据更成功。因为这两个组织的成员组合是相似的,中国是在上合组织成员国中唯一的非EEU,上海合组织成员国可以在能源事务中使用EEU经验。第四部分有关的决策程序和在上海合作组织等协商和谈判解决争端机制、执法机制。它还涉及能源领域争端解决。由于上合组织在能源领域没有任何机制具有法律约束力的权力来解决纠纷,它可以使用备俄罗斯给能源宪章条约准备的建议和在能源法律丰富的经验,在上海合作组织的规管架构中实现的建议。这部分集中在上海合作组织国家不得不面对带头组织,地缘政治斗争,扩大中国和俄罗斯的竞争等问题的政治和经济挑战和一些内部的挑战。
[Abstract]:Energy security and energy policy for decades in the development of national policy in the key problem. The energy problem is considered crucial to social and economic development in various countries. Energy cooperation is one of the most important international relations and legal relations, and the energy problem of normative rules is to ensure that countries gain energy interests in law. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is an international intergovernmental regional organization, at the beginning of twenty-first Century, the importance of not only at the regional level obtained from that period of time, but also worldwide more and more important. At first, it was established as an organization and its member states Chinese, Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan regional stability and security, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. However, after the creation in the scope of their activities soon expanded into other areas, such as trade, The economy and energy. Each member in the cooperation on security matters in addition to consider as the platform for the fruitful cooperation in economic affairs, including energy organization. The SCO official and non official institutions have been involved in the discussion, and negotiations on cooperation in the energy field. As the world's largest energy exports of Russia has been strengthening energy cooperation within the SCO framework. As the world's largest energy importer, Chinese interested in protection and the diversification of energy supply. Another major energy importer, India in 2016 to join the organization. Iran, energy exporter, has observer status after the lifting of Western sanctions and have a real chance to become a full member in the future. Therefore, the energy cooperation of Shanghai cooperation organization has great potential. However, in addition to potential organizations need legal and regulatory basis and related agencies for members Must be able to effectively in the energy field of bilateral and multilateral projects, has been trying to organize and regulate the energy cooperation in the SCO SCO energy club established member countries. So far, these efforts can not meet and establish effective mechanism for cooperation of the organization of energy. This paper analysis on the legal issues of the SCO in energy in the field of legal norms and behavior, through the organization and its members in the field of energy, so try to find solutions to develop will allow them to achieve mutual benefit, adjusting energy cooperation, energy cooperation and create energy self-sufficiency space of the SCO countries. The first chapter is the introduction of energy cooperation in the SCO and between the members of the Shanghai cooperation organization. It introduces the establishment, the history of the development of the main objectives and structure. It analyzes its close geographical, China to multiple Energy supply, a prerequisite for promoting energy cooperation cooperation among SCO member states in Russia's energy. Its population in the whole territory, GDP, and occurs when India and Pakistan will join the organization, if Iran and Mongolia join the main energy characteristics that shows the changes. This chapter points out the article and mentioned the economic and energy cooperation, mainly of the Shanghai cooperation organization Dushanbe declaration, Yekaterinburg declaration, the SCO development strategy until 2025 documents. The second part deals with the form of cooperation and cooperation in the field of energy. In order to understand the SCO energy cooperation development, it is necessary to study and review legal and specification based energy policy of each member country, especially Chinese and Russian leaders. This chapter analyzes the China and Chinese Russia and Central Asia, Chinese And Russia's energy policy in the world and the SCO regional legal basis for bilateral relations in particular Chinese energy development strategy action plan 2014 -2020 and Russia's energy strategy until 2030. It also relates to the energy policy of the Central Asian countries and their cooperation with Russia and China legal basis. In addition, this chapter reviews the multilateral energy cooperation within the organization, such as the SCO energy club, Russia, proposed to promote the SCO energy cooperation zone; Kazakhstan proposed and Asian energy strategy. This part focuses on the Shanghai Cooperation Organization countries have to face the lead organization, geopolitical struggle, expanding China and Russian competition and some political and economic challenges internal challenges. The third chapter presents a comparison of the Shanghai cooperation organization and the Eurasian Economic Community (EEU) energy cooperation.EE U is the SCO in the creation of a common energy space for its members, the Eurasian Economic Union energy cooperation including the legal system support the court to provide a legal basis for the more successful. Because the two members of the combination is similar, Chinese is in the only non EEU member states of the SCO, the Shanghai cooperation organization members can use the EEU experience in the energy affairs. The dispute settlement mechanism, the fourth part of the decision-making process and in the Shanghai cooperation organization and other consultations and negotiations to resolve the law enforcement mechanism. It also relates to the field of energy dispute settlement. Because of the SCO in the field of energy without any mechanism of legally binding power to resolve the dispute, it can be used by Russia for the Energy Charter Treaty for advice and rich experience in the energy law, in the framework of implementation of recommendations at the Shanghai cooperation organization and regulation. This part concentrates on The maritime cooperation countries have to face the political and economic challenges and some internal challenges of the leading organizations, geopolitical struggles and the expansion of competition between China and Russia.

【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.67
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本文编号：1473792