美国空气污染治理的公众健康优先原则

发布时间：2018-04-05 04:34

本文选题：清洁空气法　切入点：公众健康优先原则　出处：《东南学术》2017年02期

【摘要】：由于早先并未秉持优先保障公众健康的理念,美国应对空气污染的努力一直收效甚微。不过,随着1970年《清洁空气法》的制定,该理念得以法制化,辅之以司法判例的全面加固,最终成为美国空气污染治理的基本原则,即公众健康优先原则。该项原则首先要求政府承担保障公众健康的首要责任,其中包括应制定以健康为基础的环境空气质量标准,在防治空气污染过程中使公众健康压倒技术可行性和经济成本考虑。在其引领之下,《清洁空气法》发挥出强大空气净化功能,使得美国的空气污染得到有效治理。公众健康优先原则为我国全面改进空气污染治理机制提供了若干启示。
[Abstract]:The United States' efforts to tackle air pollution have had little effect because of earlier lack of a public health priority.However, with the enactment of the Clean Air Act in 1970, the concept was legalized, supplemented by a comprehensive strengthening of judicial precedents, and finally became the basic principle of air pollution control in the United States, that is, the principle of public health priority.The principle requires the government to assume the primary responsibility of protecting public health, including the establishment of a health-based ambient air quality standard, so that public health overrides technical feasibility and economic cost considerations in the process of preventing air pollution.Under its leadership, the Clean Air Act exerts a powerful air purification function and effectively controls air pollution in the United States.The principle of public health priority has provided some enlightenment for our country to improve the air pollution control mechanism in an all-round way.
【作者单位】：福州大学法学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“环境行政执法与刑事司法衔接中的不确定法律概念研究”(项目编号:16BFX143)
【分类号】：D971.2;DD912.6

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