我国商业银行绿色信贷法律义务研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 23:38

本文选题：绿色信贷 + 赤道原则　；参考：《西南政法大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在绿色金融快速发展的国际大背景下，绿色信贷也逐渐发展成为我国环境经济调控的重要手段。实施绿色信贷政策要求商业银行控制信贷资金流向——实现资金的绿色配置、掐断“非绿色”企业和项目的资金命脉，这在一定程度上有利于督促商业银行履行对环境的社会责任。但是政策的“软”效力使绿色信贷在实施过程中遇到许多困难。随着绿色信贷法律化的提出，商业银行绿色信贷法律义务也开始被重视。环境外部性理论、企业社会责任论、银行环境风险管理理论等提供了商业银行承担绿色信贷法律义务的理论依据；环境问题的严重性、国家产业结构调整的紧迫性、商业银行资金安全和提高竞争力的现实需求都对绿色信贷法律义务提出了现实的必要性；当前国家环保意志强化、绿色信贷对各方利益的促进、已有的绿色信贷实践和经验，为商业银行绿色信贷法律义务的确立提供了现实的可行性。目前关于绿色信贷的政策性规范较多，但缺乏明确的法律规定、适用标准不统一、信息共享机制不完善、监督和责任机制欠缺等问题的存在，削弱了绿色信贷的实施效果。借鉴国际绿色信贷标准和美、德、日等国的经验，我国应确立商业银行的绿色信贷法律义务，，本文从立法路径、规范模式、义务架构和配套措施四方面来探索如何确立、完善该义务。首先，在立法路径的选择上，整合立法确立商业银行绿色信贷法律义务是较优的立法路径。其次，在规范模式上，在整个绿色信贷立法采用促进型立法为主、管理型立法为辅的前提下，作为绿色信贷立法最主要部分的绿色信贷法律义务宜采取倡导性规范和强制性规范相结合的规范模式。第三，商业银行绿色信贷法律义务的义务架构，应包括贷前审慎审查义务、对不环保贷款主动退出义务、信息公开义务等三项强制性义务和贷中动态监督义务、信息共享义务两项倡导性义务。第四，配套措施的完善，包括实施标准的统一、激励措施的完善、监管措施的完善、法律责任的明确四个方面。依靠法律的国家强制性和国家权威性，确立商业银行绿色信贷法律义务能够督促商业银行切实施行绿色信贷，真正实现绿色信贷的环保目的。
[Abstract]:Under the international background of the rapid development of green finance , green credit has gradually developed into an important means to regulate the environment and economy of our country . The implementation of green credit policy requires commercial banks to control the flow of credit funds to realize the green allocation of funds , to strangle " non - green " enterprises and projects , which is beneficial to urge the commercial banks to meet the social responsibility for the environment . However , the " soft " effectiveness of the policy makes the green credit meet many difficulties in the implementation process .

With the development of the law of green credit , the legal obligation of commercial bank ' s green credit has also begun to be paid attention . The theory of environmental exterior , the theory of corporate social responsibility , the theory of bank environment risk management and so on offer the theoretical basis for the commercial banks to assume the legal obligation of green credit ;
The seriousness of environmental problems , the urgency of national industrial structure adjustment , the financial security of commercial banks and the realistic demand for improving competitiveness have put forward realistic necessity for the legal obligation of green credit ;
The current state environmental protection will strengthen , green credit promotes the interests of all parties , the existing green credit practice and experience , provides the realistic feasibility for the establishment of the legal obligation of the commercial bank ' s green credit .

This paper discusses how to establish and perfect the legal obligation of green credit in commercial banks based on the international green credit standard and the experience of U.S . , Germany and Japan .

relying on the national compulsory and national authority of the law , establishing the green credit legal obligation of the commercial bank can urge the commercial bank to effectively implement green credit and truly realize the environmental protection purpose of green credit .

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.282;D922.6

【参考文献】