农村土地承包经营权流转探究

发布时间：2018-04-26 08:43

本文选题：土地承包经营权 + 土地制度　；参考：《西南政法大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：土地是人类赖以生存和发展的重要自然资源,又是重要的不动产。建立合理的农村土地承包经营权流转制度,实现土地资源的优化配置,提高农业生产效率是我国经济发展的必然趋势。但是多年来由于受到我国农地效益低下、土地流转价值过低、信息不流畅、农民缺乏完善的社会保障、法律制度不健全等因素的影响,农村土地承包经营权流转并没有得到顺利的发展。这种状况严重制约了农业生产规模化的发展,影响了城市化的进程。本文除引言和结语外,共分为六个部分：第一部主要是农村土地承包经营权的概述。在此部分,首先介绍的是我国农地的集体所有的概念,同时分析了集体所有存在的问题。接着介绍了农村土地流转中最为重要的承包经营权的流转及其流转的具体方式,主要包括：转包、转让、出租、入股等。第二部分是农村土地承包经营权这一论题的引出。介绍了农村土地承包经营权流转问题的研究背景和现状。首先通过对我国土地制度改革历程的介绍,明晰农村土地承包经营权的发展历程,接着介绍国内外关于土地流转制度的研究,寻找合理有效的农村土地流转制度发展的经验。第三部分是农村土地承包经营权流转法律调整的价值取向。首先是效率价值取向,效率价值取向是农村土地立法的基本价值。确立效率价值取向,实现土地承包经营权的自由流转,有助于调动农村土地占有者的生产积极性,提高农业生产率,促进生产力的发展。其次是确立公平价值取向,在实现农村土地承包经营权流转的同时,必须注重流转土地原承包人的利益保障,这样一方面能够维护社会的稳定,另一方面亦能够促进土地承包经营权流转范围的扩大。第四部分介绍的是制约流转的原因分析。首先是我国严格的户籍制度形成了城乡二元结构,导致土地所有权主体模糊,制约了土地的流转。其次是我国的土地流转市场未完善,导致土地流转信息不流畅。最后是我国土地管理职能不明确,双层管理体制导致了地方保护主义的产生,地方政府肆意侵犯农民的权益,导致土地流转无序。第五部分是对影响土地承包经营权流转的因素分析,其中包括经济因素、政策法律因素以及社会因素。经济因素指的是农村土地承包经营权流转价值低,农民缺少流转的动力,以及土地资源的分布不均衡,贫瘠的土地难以实现流转。政策法律因素影响指的是我国的政策法律对于农村土地承包经营权流转具有诸多限制,如所有权制度以及流转期限限制等。社会因素影响主要指的是在土地流转过程中,农民权益保障依然不够,主导土地流转的中介制度尚未完善,农民难以获得准确而充分的流转信息。第六部分阐述农村土地承包经营权流转体系的完善,首先是完善立法,建立稳定的土地承包关系。其次,建立农村土地流转补贴制度,保障农民的权益。再次是建立农村土地流转市场价格评估体系,使得农村土地承包经营权的流转符合等价交易的原则,实现原承包土地农民的最大利益。
[Abstract]:Land is an important natural resource for the survival and development of human beings. It is also an important real estate. It is an inevitable trend for China to establish a reasonable transfer system of the right to contracted management of rural land, realize the optimal allocation of land resources and improve the efficiency of agricultural production. The circulation of rural land contract management right has not been developed smoothly. This situation seriously restricts the development of the scale of agricultural production and affects the process of urbanization.
In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this article is divided into six parts.
The first part is mainly an overview of the rural land contract management right. In this part, the first introduction is the concept of collective ownership of rural land in China, at the same time, it analyzes the problems existing in the collective, and then introduces the most important transfer of the contractual management right in the rural land circulation and the concrete way of the transfer, mainly including subcontracting and transfer. Rent, stock, etc
The second part is the introduction of the topic of rural land contract management right. It introduces the research background and present situation of the transfer of rural land contract management right. First, it introduces the course of the reform of the land system in our country, clarifying the development course of the rural land contract management right, and then introducing the research of the land transfer system at home and abroad, and the research of the land transfer system at home and abroad. Looking for a reasonable and effective experience in the development of rural land transfer system.
The third part is the value orientation of the legal adjustment of the transfer of rural land contract management right. The first is the orientation of efficiency value, and the orientation of efficiency value is the basic value of rural land legislation. It is helpful to mobilize the enthusiasm of the rural land occupants and improve the agricultural students. The yield will promote the development of the productive forces. Secondly, to establish a fair value orientation, while realizing the circulation of the rural land contract management right, we must pay attention to the protection of the interests of the land contractor, which can maintain the stability of the society on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can also promote the expansion of the transfer scope of the land contract management right.
The fourth part introduces the reasons for restricting the circulation. First, China's strict household registration system has formed a two yuan structure in urban and rural areas, which leads to the fuzzy land ownership subject, which restricts the land circulation. Secondly, the land circulation market in China is not perfect and the land circulation information is not fluent. Finally, the land management function of our country is not clear, The double-layer management system led to the emergence of local protectionism. Local governments wantonly violated the rights and interests of farmers, resulting in the disorder of land circulation.
The fifth part is the analysis of factors affecting the transfer of land contract management rights, including economic factors, policy and legal factors and social factors. Economic factors are the low value of the transfer of rural land contract management rights, the lack of motivation for the transfer of farmers, and the uneven distribution of land resources, and the poor land is difficult to achieve the circulation. The influence of legal factors is that there are many restrictions on the circulation of rural land contract management right in China, such as the ownership system and the limit of the period of circulation. The influence of social factors mainly refers to the lack of protection of farmers' rights and interests in the process of land circulation, the intermediary system of the land transfer is not perfect, and the peasants are difficult to do so. Get accurate and full flow of information.
The sixth part expounds the improvement of the transfer system of rural land contract management right, first of all, to improve the legislation and to establish a stable land contract relationship. Secondly, the system of rural land transfer subsidy is established to guarantee the rights and interests of farmers. Again, the market price evaluation system of rural land circulation is established, which makes the transfer of the rural land contract management right accord with the same time. The principle of price trading can achieve the best interests of farmers in the original contract land.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.32;D923.2;D921

【参考文献】