论行政强制中比例原则的适用

发布时间：2018-04-27 01:08

本文选题：比例原则 + 行政强制　；参考：《广东外语外贸大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：行政强制作为实现政府行政目的有效手段之一，与公民的自由、尊严和财产权利息息相关。《行政强制法》的出台为规范我国行政强制奠定基础。其中第五条明确规定行政强制的实施应遵循比例原则，这对我国行政强制的实践具有重大意义。比例原则是通过调整手段和目的、公共利益和私人利益间的关系,要求手段与目的、公益与私益相协调,平衡国家权力与公民权利间的关系,最终达到保障公民权利、实现实质正义。文章从比例原则在行政强制中的价值体现入手，总结国内外行政强制立法中关于比例原则的规定，并引例分析比例原则在行政强制中适用的困境，进而从宏观、中观、微观角度提出完善的意见和路径。本文共分为四部分。第一部分为比例原则在行政强制中的适用价值。首先介绍比例原则三项子原则的内涵,在此基础上探讨比例原则在行政强制中的合理性依据，最后从理论和实践两方面讨论比例原则在行政强制中的适用价值。第二部分全面介绍了国内外行政强制中比例原则的适用。首先本章按照立法模式的不同，比较了比例原则在集中式立法、分散式立法模式的各国家的实践情况。其次，对我国行政强制中比例原则的应用进行梳理，总结我国行政强制在比例原则指导下的适用规则。第三部分为比例原则在行政强制中适用的现实检讨。首先,通过砸窗执法、强制拆迁、眼神执法三个案例分析比例原则在行政强制的现实应用中存在的问题，包括内容抽象、主观性强、适用被动等。从而分析比例原则适用的困境及原因。通过结合案例具体了解比例原则我国行政强制实践中的适用困境。第四部分为行政强制中比例原则适用的修正与完善。根据比例原则的适用困境从宏观、中观、微观三个层面提出完善比例原则在行政强制中适用的路径。宏观方向包括比例原则的改造、建立回应型行政模式，中观把握包括排除不合比例性的强制手段、选择合必要性的行政手段，，微观操作包括细化立法、转变观念等。
[Abstract]:As one of the effective means to realize the administrative purpose of the government, the administrative compulsion is closely related to the citizens' freedom, dignity and property rights. The introduction of the Administrative compulsory Law lays the foundation for standardizing the administrative coercion in our country. Article 5 clearly stipulates that the implementation of administrative compulsion should follow the principle of proportionality, which is of great significance to the practice of administrative compulsion in our country. The principle of proportionality is to balance the relationship between state power and civil rights by adjusting the relationship between means and ends, public interests and private interests, requiring means and ends, and public and private interests. To achieve substantive justice. This paper begins with the value embodiment of the principle of proportion in the administrative enforcement, summarizes the provisions of the principle of proportion in the legislation of administrative compulsion at home and abroad, and analyses the dilemma of the application of the principle of proportion in the process of administrative compulsion with examples, and then from the macroscopic and the meso-level. The micro-angle puts forward the perfect opinion and the path. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part is the applicable value of the principle of proportionality in administrative enforcement. This paper first introduces the connotation of the three sub-principles of the principle of proportion, then discusses the rational basis of the principle of proportion in the administrative enforcement, and finally discusses the applicable value of the principle of proportion in the administrative compulsion from both theoretical and practical aspects. The second part introduces the application of the principle of proportionality in administrative compulsion at home and abroad. First of all, according to the different legislative models, this chapter compares the practice of the proportional principle in centralized legislation and decentralized legislation. Secondly, the application of the principle of proportionality in China's administrative compulsion is combed, and the applicable rules under the guidance of the principle of proportionality are summarized. The third part is the practical review of the application of the principle of proportionality in administrative enforcement. First of all, through the window law enforcement, forced demolition, eye law enforcement three case analysis of the principle of proportion in the administrative enforcement of the actual application of the existing problems, including abstract content, strong subjectivity, applicable passive and so on. Thus, the paper analyzes the dilemma and reasons of the application of the principle of proportionality. Through the combination of specific cases to understand the principle of proportionality in China's administrative enforcement practice of the application of the dilemma. The fourth part is the revision and perfection of the application of the principle of proportionality in administrative compulsion. According to the difficulty of the application of the principle of proportion, this paper puts forward the path of perfecting the principle of proportion in the administrative enforcement from three aspects: macroscopic, meso and micro. The macro direction includes the reform of the principle of proportionality, the establishment of a responsive administrative model, the control of the meso-view including the elimination of disproportionate coercive means, the selection of necessary administrative means, and the microscopic operation including the refinement of legislation and the transformation of ideas and so on.
【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1

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