中国集体土地征收决策机制:现状、由来与前景

发布时间：2018-05-20 11:50

本文选题：集体土地 + 征收　；参考：《华东政法大学学报》2017年01期

【摘要】：以内部视角描述我国集体土地征收决策制度的现状,回溯其历史由来可见,我国集体土地征收决定具有非本地化、非个案化的特征,本质上是通过政府内部封闭的层级审批,将自上而下形成的空间规划在微观层面予以延伸和落实。这种独特的制度源于改革开放前依经济建设计划审批征地的做法,从20世纪80年代中期至1998年《土地管理法》逐步细化收紧,其核心目的始终在于确保上级政府对下级政府征地行为的控制,防止征地权滥用,减少征地浪费。但这种自上而下的封闭决策机制面临三种困境,即审批效率不高、控权实效不彰和民主公开不足。现实可行的改革前景在于打破征地决定不可诉的制度障碍与认识误区,强化司法机关对征收决定的合规性审查,同时逐步提高代议机关及公众在空间规划编制过程中的话语权。
[Abstract]:This paper describes the present situation of collective land expropriation decision-making system in China from an internal perspective. It can be seen from its historical origin that the collective land expropriation decision in our country has the characteristics of non-localization and non-case, essentially through the internal closed level examination and approval of the government. The top-down spatial planning is extended and implemented at the micro level. This unique system stems from the practice of examining and approving land requisition according to economic construction plans before reform and opening up. From the mid-1980s to 1998, the Land Management Law gradually refined and tightened. Its core purpose is to ensure the control of land expropriation by superior government, to prevent the abuse of land expropriation, and to reduce the waste of land expropriation. However, this top-down closed decision-making mechanism is faced with three kinds of difficulties, namely, the efficiency of examination and approval is not high, the effectiveness of power control is not effective, and the democracy is not open enough. The realistic and feasible reform prospect lies in breaking down the system obstacle and misunderstanding of land requisition, strengthening the judicial organs' examination of the compliance of expropriation decision, and gradually improving the right of speech of representative organs and the public in the process of making spatial planning.
【作者单位】：北京大学法学院;
【基金】：2014年教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“行政法视野下的公众参与研究”(项目号14JJD820015) 2015年国家社科基金青年项目“行政法视野中的成本收益分析方法研究”(项目号15CFX034) 中国博士后科学基金第九批特别资助项目的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D922.3;D921

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