合作行政视角下公共行政民营化法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 09:10

本文选题：合作行政 + 公私主体　；参考：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：20世纪70年代以来,随着公共事务日趋复杂化、多样化,政府在处理公共事务时显得愈发吃力,这样的状况使人们开始反思由政府垄断公共管理事务是否真的具有合理性与正当性,于是,一场席卷全球的民营化改革在公共行政领域拉开序幕。民营化是一场影响相当广泛的公共行政改革,它打破了多年来以政府为中心的传统治理模式,形成了政府、市场、社会多元化的治理格局。这种多元化的治理格局一方面是政府权力分散趋势的体现,另一个方面也极大地调动了社会组织和市场主体的主动性,缓解了政府财政紧张,行政效率低下等一系列问题。合作行政与公共行政民营化都是在"政府退缩,市场回归"的大背景下发展起来的,二者都促进了私人主体在公共行政领域进一步的发展,但是合作行政则更加强调政府与公共主体之间的合作模式。随着民营化的推进,私营机构与志愿机构越来越多地参与到公共行政领域,所以,过去一些本该由政府承担的公共责任,现在部分转移到私人机构身上了。政府将公共责任转移给私人机构并不是推脱责任,而是,随着行政理念的转变,政府将自身的角色从台前转移到了幕后,但是由于处理不当,以及公私法混淆的矛盾导致政府与私人主体之间推卸责任的现象频繁发生。同时,公共行政的模式随着民营化的深入也在不断推进,由此带来诸多行政模式上的缺陷问题,迫切需要规范行政模式的正确导向。民营化的快速发展使得我国的行政救济法不能适应现实情况,行政主体的扩张、行政行为的复杂以及行政程序的非正式发展都需要行政救济作出与之相对应的反应。总之,现行行政法的制度设置和内容越来越不能适应公共行政民营化发展的丰富实践。传统行政救济法虽然存在诸多问题,但是它与行政法的各个层面相联系,是我国现行行政法上重要的救济制度,所以,完善传统的行政救济法是应对民营化发展的重要方法之一。另一方面,民营化是政府和私人之间突破性的合作,它打破了传统的行政方式,使公共行政的发展呈现出新局面,同时利弊相依这种破旧立新的发展方式也给公共行政带来了许多新问题。所以,民营化的发展只有借鉴西方发达国家行政救济模式的经验才能更好地完善我国的行政救济制度,比如,行政公益诉讼制度、判例制度。对于"无利益即无诉权"的行政公益诉讼制度和"英美法系"的判例制度,虽然二者与我国现行的法律体制有所偏差,但如若充分挖掘现行法律条文中的深刻内涵,再辅之以司法解释,其实,在我国现行行政法的体系中不乏二者的生存空间。
[Abstract]:Since the 1970s, with the increasing complexity and diversification of public affairs, the government has become increasingly difficult in dealing with public affairs. Such a situation makes people begin to reflect on whether the monopoly of public administration by the government really has rationality and legitimacy, so a privatization reform sweeping the whole world begins in the field of public administration. Privatization is a reform of public administration which has a wide influence. It breaks the traditional governance mode which has been centered on the government for many years and forms a pluralistic governance pattern of government, market and society. On the one hand, this pluralistic governance pattern is the embodiment of the decentralization trend of government power, on the other hand, it has greatly mobilized the initiative of social organizations and market subjects, alleviated a series of problems, such as government financial tension, low administrative efficiency, and so on. Both cooperative administration and privatization of public administration are developed under the background of "government retreat and market return", both of which promote the further development of private subjects in the field of public administration. But cooperative administration emphasizes more cooperation mode between government and public subject. As privatization progresses, private and voluntary agencies are increasingly involved in public administration, so some of the public responsibilities that were supposed to have been assumed by the government have now shifted in part to the private sector. The government's transfer of public responsibility to the private sector is not a shift in responsibility, but a shift in its role from the front of the stage to the behind-the-scenes, but due to mishandling, the government has shifted its role from the front of the stage to the behind-the-scenes. The contradiction between public and private law leads to the shirking of responsibility between the government and the private subject. At the same time, with the deepening of privatization, the mode of public administration is advancing constantly, which brings about many defects in administrative mode, and it is urgent to standardize the correct direction of administrative mode. With the rapid development of privatization, the administrative relief law in our country can not adapt to the reality. The expansion of administrative subject, the complexity of administrative behavior and the informal development of administrative procedure all need the corresponding response of administrative relief. In short, the system and content of current administrative law can not adapt to the rich practice of privatization of public administration. Although there are many problems in the traditional administrative relief law, it is related to all levels of administrative law and is an important relief system in the current administrative law of our country. Perfecting the traditional administrative relief law is one of the important methods to deal with the development of privatization. On the other hand, privatization is a breakthrough cooperation between the government and the private sector. It breaks the traditional way of administration and presents a new situation for the development of public administration. At the same time, the advantages and disadvantages of this new way of development has also brought many new problems to public administration. Therefore, the development of privatization can perfect the administrative relief system of our country, such as the administrative public interest litigation system and the precedent system, only by drawing lessons from the experience of the western developed countries' administrative relief mode. For the administrative public interest litigation system of "no interest is no right of action" and the case system of "Anglo-American law system", although both of them are deviated from the current legal system of our country, if the profound connotation of the current legal provisions is fully exploited, Supplemented by judicial interpretation, in fact, in the current system of administrative law in our country, there is no lack of living space between the two.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.1

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