中国医疗机构工作场所暴力防治法律法规体系梳理

发布时间：2018-07-03 01:00

本文选题：医疗机构 + 工作场所暴力　；参考：《中国职业医学》2017年03期

【摘要】：目的系统梳理中国医疗机构工作场所暴力相关的法律法规,并提出政策建议。方法以"工作场所暴力""医疗暴力""医疗纠纷""医患纠纷""医疗秩序"为关键词,对中国知网法律数据库、万方法律数据库、北大法意数据库和北大法宝数据库进行检索,收集法律法规、部门规章、地方性法规及政府规章等相关检索结果并汇总分析。结果我国共有8部法律、2部行政法规、2部部门规章及15个省级地方性法规规章规定了医护人员享有免受工作场所暴力的权利,构成了防治医疗机构工作场所暴力的法律基础。2009—2017年国家卫生和计划生育委员会会同多部门发布12个涉及维护医疗秩序的文件,从人防、物防和技防三方面强调了严厉惩治侵害医护人员人身安全的违法犯罪行为。但我国在防治医疗机构工作场所暴力的立法方面与国际比较尚有差距,表现在对工作场所暴力尚无协调一致的定义,无专门法律和配套的技术标准,精神暴力所造成的职业危害尚未纳入法律调整的范畴和国家职业病分类目录。结论应采取有效措施,开展防治医疗机构工作场所暴力专门立法工作,加强有关标准体系的制定、相关研究与国际交流等工作。
[Abstract]:Objective to systematically analyze the laws and regulations related to workplace violence in Chinese medical institutions and put forward policy recommendations. Methods based on the keywords of "workplace violence", "medical dispute", "doctor-patient dispute" and "medical order", the databases of law, law of Wanfang, law and Italy of Peking University and Fa Bao of Peking University were searched. Collect and analyze relevant retrieval results of laws and regulations, departmental regulations, local regulations and government regulations. Results A total of 8 laws, 2 administrative regulations, 2 departmental regulations and 15 provincial local laws and regulations stipulated the right of health care workers to be free from violence in the workplace. Constituting the legal basis for the prevention and treatment of workplace violence in medical institutions. 2009-2017 the National Health and Family Planning Commission issued 12 documents related to the maintenance of medical order, in conjunction with the National Commission on Health and Family Planning, from civil air defence, The three aspects of physical prevention and technical prevention emphasize the severe punishment of illegal and criminal acts against the personal safety of medical personnel. However, there is still a gap between our country and the international legislation on the prevention and treatment of workplace violence in medical institutions, as shown by the lack of a coordinated definition of workplace violence, the absence of specific laws and supporting technical standards. The occupational hazards caused by mental violence have not been included in the scope of legal adjustment and the National Classification of Occupational Diseases. Conclusion effective measures should be taken to carry out special legislation on prevention and treatment of workplace violence in medical institutions, to strengthen the establishment of relevant standard system, and to make relevant research and international communication.
【作者单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所;北京协和医学院公共卫生学院;法国高等公共卫生学院;国际劳工组织北京局;
【基金】：国际劳工组织与中国性病艾滋病协会《改善医护人员工作条件》多期合作项目职业健康风险评估与国家职业卫生标准制定项目(131031109000150003)
【分类号】：D922.16;R197

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