我国海上搜救志愿者法律地位研究

发布时间：2018-08-27 19:49

【摘要】：志愿者构成海上搜寻救助的重要组成力量,其法律地位界定是海上搜救志愿服务法律制度的关键内容。海上搜救志愿者既受志愿服务法律规范调整,也适用海上搜救法律规范,因而法律地位呈现突出的特殊性与复杂性。由于我国立法缺憾,海上搜救志愿者的法律地位难以明确,不利于发展海上搜救事业和保护志愿者的应然利益。本文结合现有研究成果,立足于我国立法现状及海上搜救实践,具体论述海上搜救志愿者法律地位涉及的基本问题,并探究可行的完善路径。第一章首先厘清了海上搜救、志愿者、志愿服务关系等相关概念,明确海上搜救志愿者的含义和识别范围,紧接着论证其法律地位的含义以及涵盖的基本内容。在此基础上,客观全面地界定了海上搜救志愿者法律地位的涵义。第二章分析了我国海上搜救志愿者的立法现状,包括志愿服务立法、海上搜救立法以及其他规范性文件的调整状况,总结其法律地位界定面临的现实困境。第三章围绕海上搜救志愿者法律地位涵盖的基本问题,结合现存立法困境展开论述,辩证分析了志愿者与志愿服务组织、搜救服务对象、国家主管机关之间法律关系的定性,志愿者的权利、义务和责任内容与特征,以及志愿者的救助报酬和补偿问题,从而揭示该法律地位的应然状态。第四章在上述研究内容的基础上,结合我国实践状况并参考国外经验,提出完善海上搜救志愿者法律地位的可行途径,主要存在填补立法空白、完善调整规范内容等两方面,并且分别包括若干具体举措。
[Abstract]:Volunteers constitute an important component of maritime search and rescue, whose legal status is the key content of the legal system of maritime search and rescue voluntary service. Maritime search and rescue volunteers are not only regulated by the legal norms of voluntary service, but also applicable to the legal norms of maritime search and rescue, so the legal status presents outstanding particularity and complexity. Due to the lack of legislation in our country, the legal status of maritime search and rescue volunteers is difficult to clarify, which is not conducive to the development of maritime search and rescue cause and the protection of volunteers' natural interests. Combined with the existing research results, based on the current legislative situation and maritime search and rescue practice in China, this paper specifically discusses the basic issues involved in the legal status of maritime search and rescue volunteers, and explores the feasible and perfect path. The first chapter clarifies the related concepts of maritime search and rescue, volunteers, voluntary service relationship and so on, defines the meaning and identification scope of maritime search and rescue volunteers, and then demonstrates the meaning of its legal status and the basic content covered. On this basis, the legal status of maritime search and rescue volunteers is defined objectively and comprehensively. The second chapter analyzes the current legislative situation of our country's maritime search and rescue volunteers, including voluntary service legislation, maritime search and rescue legislation and other regulatory documents of the adjustment situation, summed up the legal status of the actual difficulties faced by the definition. The third chapter focuses on the basic issues covered by the legal status of maritime search and rescue volunteers, combining with the existing legislative difficulties, dialectically analyzes the nature of the legal relationship between volunteers and voluntary service organizations, search and rescue service objects, and national competent authorities. The content and characteristics of the volunteer's rights, obligations and responsibilities, as well as the compensation and compensation of the volunteer's relief, thus reveal the legal status of the ought state. On the basis of the above research content, combining with the practice situation of our country and referring to the experience of foreign countries, the fourth chapter puts forward the feasible ways to improve the legal status of maritime search and rescue volunteers. There are mainly two aspects, such as filling up the legislative blank, perfecting and adjusting the standard contents, etc. And includes a number of specific initiatives.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.294;D922.296;D922.182.3

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