论中国海警局海上执法权

发布时间：2018-12-28 21:10

【摘要】：中国海警局是按照新一轮“大部制”改革方案以及《国务院机构改革和职能转变方案》重新组建的一个新机构,国家海洋局将以中国海警局的名义开展海上维权执法,接受公安部的业务指导。中国海警局海上执法权涵盖了维护海洋权益、保障海上安全、合理地开发及利用海洋资源和保护海洋生态环境等众多方面,是一个综合性海上执法机构。虽然中国海警局虽然已经挂牌成立,但明确其具体职责权限的方案一直未出台,本文以中国海警局海上执法权为题,对中国海警局海上执法权的内涵、属性、具体体现及其与交通部海事局海上执法权的比较等问题进行了论述。本文第一部分主要是对中国海警局海上执法权的界定,讨论了其内涵、性质等基本前提性问题,并将中国海警局海上执法权与海军和海事局的海上执法权进行了比较,进一步明确海警局海上执法权与其他海上执法机构的界限。第二部分讨论了中国海警局海上执法权的理论依据和立法依据,提出国家主权和国家海上管辖权是国家海上执法权的权力来源和理论依据,并分析了我国现有海上执法的法律依据,为中国海警局海上执法权寻求相关立法依据。第三部分对中国海警局海上执法权的具体体现分别进行了论述,针对海上主权保卫权,通过介绍我国黄海、东海和南海的海上争端,讨论了中国海警局在不同海域的主权保卫权职责；针对刑事执法权,则选取了海上犯罪中的典型化案件,即走私犯罪与海盗、海上恐怖主义犯罪进行了分析；而针对行政执法权,主要介绍了中国海警局海洋环境保护、海域使用管理的监督管理权和海洋渔业生产、资源保护的监督管理权。第四部分讨论了中国海警局海上执法权的行使,笔者认为紧追权与登临权是海上执法的程序性权利,同时论述中国海警局海上执法时的武力使用的合法性和使用条件。第五部分对中国海警局与中国海事局海上执法权的协调问题进行了探讨,包括保障海上安全、保护海洋环境和海上人命搜救领域的执法权协调。
[Abstract]:The China Sea Police Department is a new body reconstituted in accordance with a new round of "big ministry" reform programs and the "State Council structural Reform and functional Transformation Program". The State Oceanic Administration will carry out maritime rights enforcement in the name of the China Sea Police Department. To receive business guidance from the Ministry of Public Security. The maritime law enforcement power of China Sea Police Force covers many aspects, such as safeguarding maritime rights and interests, ensuring maritime safety, reasonably exploiting and utilizing marine resources and protecting marine ecological environment, and is a comprehensive maritime law enforcement agency. Although the China Sea Police Department has been set up, but the plan to clarify its specific duties and powers has not been issued. This article focuses on the maritime law enforcement power of the China Sea Police Department, and discusses the connotation and attributes of the maritime law enforcement power of the China Sea Police Department. The concrete embodiment and the comparison between the maritime law enforcement power and the maritime law enforcement power of the Ministry of Communications and Maritime Affairs Bureau are discussed. The first part of this paper mainly defines the maritime law enforcement power of China Sea Police Department, discusses its connotation and nature, and compares the maritime law enforcement power of China Sea Police Department with the maritime law enforcement power of the Navy and Maritime Bureau. Further clarify the maritime law enforcement authority of the maritime police and other maritime law enforcement agencies. The second part discusses the theoretical and legislative basis of maritime law enforcement power of China Sea Police Department, and points out that national sovereignty and national maritime jurisdiction are the source and theoretical basis of national maritime law enforcement power. The existing legal basis of maritime law enforcement in China is analyzed, and the relevant legislative basis for maritime law enforcement power of China Sea Police Department is sought. The third part discusses the specific embodiment of maritime law enforcement power of China Sea Police Department, and introduces the maritime disputes between Huang Hai, East China Sea and South China Sea, aiming at the right of maritime sovereignty protection. This paper discusses the duty of the China Sea Police Department's sovereign right of security in different sea areas. In view of the criminal law enforcement right, the typical cases in the maritime crime, namely smuggling crime, piracy and maritime terrorism crime, are analyzed. Aiming at the power of administrative law enforcement, this paper mainly introduces the marine environment protection of China Sea Police Department, the supervision and management of sea area use and management, and the supervision and management power of marine fishery production and resource protection. The fourth part discusses the exercise of maritime law enforcement power of China Sea Police Department. The author holds that the right of tight pursuit and boarding is the procedural right of maritime law enforcement. At the same time, it discusses the legality and conditions of the use of force in the maritime law enforcement of China Sea Police Department. In the fifth part, the coordination of maritime law enforcement power between China Maritime Administration and China Sea Police Department is discussed, including the protection of maritime safety, the protection of marine environment and the coordination of law enforcement power in the field of search and rescue of human life at sea.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1

【参考文献】