台湾地区行政即时强制研究

发布时间：2019-01-26 13:57

【摘要】：行政即时强制作为行政强制制度的重要组成部分,以法治理论、契约理论、权利与权力平衡理论及现代程序观念等为理论基础,具有明显的行政性、高度裁量性、程序简洁性与极大侵益性等特征,而我国台湾地区行政即时强制又有其独特的规范与制度设计。在台湾地区,即时强制的实施以执行机关对该事务有法定职权,为阻止犯罪、危害的发生或避免急迫危害以及有即时处置的必要为条件。具体实施方法根据实施对象的不同,可分为对人的管束,对物的扣留、使用、处置或限制其使用,对各类处所的进入及其他依法定职权所为的必要处置。“一个程序,两种责任”是台湾地区即时强制的主要救济途径。从立法上看,治安管理与卫生管控方面是台湾地区即时强制适用较典型的领域;从实践上看,台湾地区各级法院的审判实例向我们直观展示了其即时强制的适用及其所涉纠纷的处理。与台湾地区相比,我国大陆的即时强制在立法模式与立法水平方面、实施主体与实施方法方面、对即时强制性质的认识方面及救济制度的构建方面都存在一定差异,其中台湾地区较成功和有效的制度设置可以为我国大陆结合自身发展现状借鉴学习,以做出积极有效的调整。
[Abstract]:As an important part of the administrative compulsory system, the administrative immediate compulsion is based on the theory of rule of law, the theory of contract, the theory of balance of rights and power, and the concept of modern procedure. The features of simplicity of procedure and great invasion of benefits, while the administrative immediate enforcement in Taiwan has its own unique norms and system design. In Taiwan, immediate enforcement is subject to the executive's statutory authority over the matter, in order to prevent crime, the occurrence of harm or to avoid urgent harm and the necessity of immediate treatment. According to the different objects of implementation, the concrete implementation methods can be divided into the control of people, the detention, use, disposal or restriction of things, the entry of all kinds of premises and other necessary disposal according to the legal authority. "one procedure, two kinds of liability" is the main remedy for immediate compulsion in Taiwan. From the legislative point of view, public security management and health control is a typical area of immediate compulsory application in Taiwan; From a practical point of view, the trial examples of courts at all levels in Taiwan show us intuitively the application of its immediate compulsion and the handling of the disputes involved. Compared with Taiwan, there are some differences in the legislative model and legislative level, the subject and method of implementation, the understanding of the nature of immediate compulsion and the construction of relief system in mainland China. The successful and effective system setup in Taiwan can be used for reference by mainland China in order to make positive and effective adjustment.
【学位授予单位】：烟台大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.1

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