论输血导致病毒感染医疗损害赔偿

发布时间：2019-02-11 11:19

【摘要】：血液是人类的生命之本,输血导致病毒感染威胁着人们的生命安全,但是我国法律对于输血感染医疗损害赔偿并没有做出统一明确的规定。因此,本文从理论上对输血导致病毒感染的医疗损害赔偿进行探讨,以期完善相关法律制度。本文以输血导致病毒感染引起的医疗损害赔偿为研究对象,通过层层深入分析,从输血感染损害赔偿的含义、特征和原则,到赔偿数额的具体确定,再到对赔偿制度的反思及完善,一步步阐述了输血感染医疗侵权损害赔偿理论,也正是根据这样的行文主线将本文分为三大部分。第一部分是有关输血感染损害赔偿的概述。概述介绍了三个方面,一是明晰了输血感染损害赔偿的含义；二是立足输血感染病毒造成人身损害的医疗现状,在大量搜集该类损害赔偿案例的基础上,归纳出输血感染损害赔偿具有赔偿数额大、赔偿周期长和赔偿中包含精神损害赔偿三个特点；三是根据赔偿具有的特点总结出赔偿时应遵循全面赔偿、继续赔偿、合理赔偿和过失相抵的原则,以公平准确地确定赔偿数额。第二部分是有关输血感染损害赔偿的确定,是本文的主体。该部分在赔偿原则的指导下,进一步阐述应该由谁来赔、赔哪些、赔多少、怎么赔等问题。首先,关于赔偿主体方面,赔偿权利主体应包括受害患者、由该患者承担抚养义务的被扶养人和死亡患者的近亲属,赔偿义务主体为生产不合格血液样本的血站和销售该不合格血液的医院。其次,关于赔偿范围方面,因输血感染罹患的疾病侵害了患者的健康权和生命权,导致患者不仅在身体上饱受病痛折磨之苦,而且精神上还要承受巨大的压力,由此给患者带来的财产性损失和精神损害都需要赔偿。再次,关于赔偿数额的具体计算方面,应根据《最高人民法院关于审理人身损害赔偿案件适用法律若干问题的解释》的相关规定来分别计算输血感染损害赔偿涉及的十一种赔偿项目,同时还要综合考量损害结果的严重程度、原患疾病参与度与患者个体差异之间的关系、医疗科学水平及风险三个因素来确定最终的赔偿总额。最后,关于损害赔偿金的支付,应采用一次性给付和定期金赔偿相结合的方式,根据赔偿项目的不同采用相应合理的损害赔偿金支付方式。第三部分是针对《侵权责任法》下输血感染损害赔偿制度存在的问题进行反思,并提出出台相应的司法解释确定医疗机构的赔偿责任和建立输血强制保险制度和输血风险补偿基金的完善建议,以期为输血导致病毒感染的医疗侵权赔偿理论系统化贡献绵薄之力。
[Abstract]:Blood is the basis of human life, blood transfusion causes virus infection to threaten people's life safety, but the law of our country does not make a unified and clear stipulation for medical damage compensation of transfusion infection. Therefore, this paper theoretically discusses the medical damage compensation caused by transfusion virus infection in order to perfect the relevant legal system. This article takes the medical damage compensation caused by transfusion virus infection as the research object, through layer by layer in-depth analysis, from the meaning, characteristics and principles of blood transfusion infection damage compensation, to the specific determination of the amount of compensation. Then to reflect on the compensation system and improve, step by step elaborated on the theory of medical tort compensation for blood transfusion infection, which is based on the main line of this article is divided into three parts. The first part is about the blood transfusion infection damage compensation summary. This paper introduces three aspects: one is to clarify the meaning of blood transfusion infection damage compensation; Second, based on the medical status quo of personal injury caused by transfusion infection virus, on the basis of collecting a large number of cases of compensation for such damage, it is concluded that the compensation for blood transfusion infection damage has a large amount of compensation. Long period of compensation and compensation includes three characteristics of compensation for mental damage; Thirdly, according to the characteristics of compensation, we should follow the principles of comprehensive compensation, continuous compensation, reasonable compensation and offset of negligence, so as to determine the amount of compensation fairly and accurately. The second part is about the determination of blood transfusion infection damage compensation, is the main body of this paper. Under the guidance of the principle of compensation, this part further expounds who should compensate, what to compensate, how to compensate and so on. First of all, with regard to the subject of compensation, the subject of the right to compensation should include the injured patient, the dependant who is responsible for the maintenance of the patient and the close relatives of the deceased patient. The main body of compensatory obligation is the blood station that produces the unqualified blood sample and the hospital that sells the unqualified blood. Secondly, with regard to the scope of compensation, the disease caused by transfusion infection infringes upon the patients' right to health and right to life, resulting in patients not only suffering from physical suffering, but also suffering from tremendous mental pressure. The property loss and mental damage caused by it need to be compensated. Thirdly, with regard to the specific calculation of the amount of compensation, In accordance with the relevant provisions of the Supreme people's Court on the interpretation of certain issues applicable to the Law applicable to the trial of cases of compensation for personal injury, the 11 kinds of compensation items involved in the compensation for blood transfusion infection should be calculated separately. At the same time, we should consider the severity of the damage result, the relationship between the participation degree of the original disease and the individual difference of the patient, the level of medical science and the risk to determine the final compensation amount. Finally, as for the payment of damages, we should adopt the combination of one-time payment and periodic compensation, and adopt the corresponding reasonable payment method according to the different items of compensation. The third part is to reflect on the problems existing in the system of compensation for blood transfusion infection damage under the Tort liability Law. And put forward the corresponding judicial interpretation to determine the liability of medical institutions and the establishment of a blood transfusion compulsory insurance system and blood transfusion risk compensation fund to improve the proposal. The aim is to contribute a little to the theory of medical tort compensation caused by transfusion virus infection.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.16;D923

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