我国农业用地国有化之研讨

发布时间：2019-03-11 10:27

【摘要】：农村土地问题一直是关系我国经济发展的重要问题,农业用地所有权制度又关乎农村土地发展的路径选择,其重要性不言而喻。我国现行的农业用地集体所有制度可追溯到建国后的人民公社时期,这一时期不仅解决了新民主主义革命中与农民的政治契约问题,还实现了社会主义公有制为基础的农业用地集体所有制度。之后,安徽省凤阳县小岗村开始了农业用地家庭承包经营,并在全国进行推广,以土地使用权的承包经营完善了农业用地集体所有制度。三十多年的农业用地集体所有制度的实施,不仅为我国的经济建设提供了保障,还解决了农村集体成员就业、生活等社会保障问题。然则,在城乡一体化发展和农业用地市场化经营现状下,农业用地集体所有制度的缺陷已显露无遗,亦致使农业用地集体所有制度无法适应现今的农村发展要求和集体成员的期望,农业用地集体所有制度改革已迫在眉睫。因此,笔者通过对建国后农业用地所有权制度历史的梳理、农业用地集体所有制度的评析、以及学界现有观点的总结,发现农业用地国家所有改革方案,不仅可以弥补集体所有制度的缺陷,还可以满足农业用地市场化的要求。为此,笔者在考虑农业用地国家所有制度产生的政府干预和土地兼并等历史启示的前提下,进行了农业用地国家收回、国家整理、再租赁和国家管理的具体化制度设计,以达到集体成员利益保障、农民职业化、农业用地所有权制度顺利变迁的效果。
[Abstract]:The problem of rural land has always been an important issue related to the economic development of our country, and the ownership system of agricultural land is also related to the choice of path for the development of rural land, the importance of which is self-evident. The present system of collective ownership of agricultural land in China can be traced back to the period of people's communes after the founding of the people's Republic of China, which not only solved the problem of political contract with peasants in the new democratic revolution, We have also realized a collective ownership system of agricultural land based on socialist public ownership. After that, Xiaogang Village, Fengyang County, Anhui Province, started the household contract operation of agricultural land, and promoted it all over the country, and perfected the collective ownership system of agricultural land with the contract management of land use right. The implementation of the collective ownership system of agricultural land for more than 30 years has not only provided the guarantee for the economic construction of our country, but also solved the social security problems of the rural collective members such as employment, life and so on. However, under the current situation of the integration of urban and rural areas and the market-oriented management of agricultural land, the defects of the collective ownership system of agricultural land have been revealed. At the same time, the collective ownership system of agricultural land is unable to meet the demands of rural development and the expectation of collective members, and the reform of collective ownership system of agricultural land is imminent. Therefore, by combing the history of the ownership system of agricultural land after the founding of the people's Republic of China, commenting on the collective ownership system of agricultural land, and summarizing the existing viewpoints of the academic circles, the author finds out the reform plan of the state ownership of agricultural land. It can not only make up for the defects of collective ownership system, but also meet the requirements of agricultural land marketization. Therefore, on the premise of considering the historical enlightenment of government intervention and land annexation produced by the state ownership system of agricultural land, the author designs the concrete system of national recovery, national consolidation, re-lease and national management of agricultural land use. In order to achieve the benefits of collective members, farmers professionalization, agricultural land ownership system smooth changes.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃政法学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.32

【相似文献】