统收式采棉机清杂系统设计及运动学特性分析

发布时间：2018-02-25 05:28

本文关键词： 统收式采棉机清杂系统优化设计运动学分析　出处：《石河子大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：新疆地域辽阔，土地平整，气候干旱少雨，日照时间长，无霜期长，昼夜温差大，为棉花的种植提供了得天独厚的条件，是我过最大的商品棉产区，但随着棉花种植面积的逐年增加，棉花人工采收成本的不断提高，劳动力不足已经严重制约了新疆棉产业的发展。在新疆，棉花种植以团场农场为单位的形式为主，为棉花种植采收机械化作业奠定了较好的基础，采棉机的应用已然成为必然趋势，可是国外采棉机价格昂贵，维护维修更是困难，因此，自主知识产权采棉机的研制刻不容缓，这样不仅可以降低购机价格，还能打破国外技术上的垄断，有利于在国内推广应用采棉机，其中的典型代表就是统收式采棉机。为了在现有基础上研发出参数更优化，结构更为合理的统收式采棉机清杂系统，本文研究针对复杂多变的作业环境，综合运用物料学，工程力学，机构分析与综合，机械制造技术，虚拟样机技术和优化设计等现代机械设计理论和方法，确定了统收式采棉机清杂系统的各部件参数，，对关键零部件进行了三维实体建模及装配，对统收式采棉机清杂系统工作机理，组件结构及性能进行理论分析和仿真分析，优化了此装置的设计参数。论文主要研究内容包括以下几个方面：（1）对国内外采棉机清杂系统的分离方法和分离理论进行探究，明确了不同清杂系统的优点和不足，研究棉花及其杂质的物料特性，主要包括：采摘物成分的密度、棉花含水率、棉杆质量、单铃棉花质量、棉壳质量、棉桃质量等，分析采棉机清杂系统的工作机理。阐述了课题的研究意义，目的，方案，目标和技术路线。（2）对统收式采棉机清杂系统的基本零部件进行参数确定，使用SOLIDWORKS软件对清杂系统进行三维建模，使用ANSYS软件对清杂系统的钉齿，钉齿滚筒进行了有限元分析，验证了设计的可行性和可靠性。（3）使用ADAMS软件对清杂系统的钉齿滚筒及清杂闭风器进行运动学仿真，得出了较有实际意义的速度，位移，加速度等参数，以图形曲线的形式输出了理论分析结果，为设计和优化部件运动参数提供了重要依据。
[Abstract]:Xinjiang has a vast territory, a flat land, a dry climate and little rain, a long sunshine period, a long frost-free period, and a large temperature difference between day and night, which provides a unique condition for cotton cultivation and is our largest commodity cotton producing area. However, with the increase of cotton planting area year by year and the increasing cost of cotton artificial harvesting, the shortage of labor force has seriously restricted the development of cotton industry in Xinjiang. In Xinjiang, cotton cultivation is mainly in the form of farm farms. It has laid a good foundation for the mechanization of cotton planting and harvesting, and the application of cotton harvester has become an inevitable trend. However, foreign cotton pickers are expensive and difficult to maintain and maintain. Therefore, the development of independent intellectual property rights cotton pickers cannot be delayed. This can not only reduce the purchase price, but also break the monopoly of foreign technology, which is helpful to popularize and apply cotton pickers in China, the typical representative of which is the unified cotton harvester. In order to develop an integrated cotton picker with more optimized parameters and more reasonable structure on the existing basis, this paper studies the comprehensive application of materials science, engineering mechanics, mechanism analysis and synthesis in view of the complex and changeable working environment. The modern mechanical design theories and methods, such as mechanical manufacturing technology, virtual prototyping technology and optimization design, are used to determine the parameters of the cleaning system of the cotton harvester, and the 3D solid modeling and assembly of the key parts are carried out. The working mechanism, component structure and performance of the cleaning system of the cotton harvester are theoretically analyzed and simulated, and the design parameters of the device are optimized. The main contents of this paper include the following aspects:. 1) the separation methods and separation theories of the cleaning system of cotton pickers at home and abroad are studied, the advantages and disadvantages of different cleaning systems are clarified, and the material characteristics of cotton and its impurities are studied, including: the density of picking ingredients, the moisture content of cotton. In this paper, the working mechanism of cotton picking machine is analyzed, such as cotton stem quality, single boll cotton quality, cotton shell quality, cotton peach quality, etc. The significance, purpose, scheme, target and technical route of the research are expounded. (2) the parameters of the basic parts of the cleaning system of the cotton picker are determined, the 3D model of the system is modeled with SOLIDWORKS software, and the finite element analysis of the nail teeth and the nail drum of the cleaning system is carried out by using the ANSYS software. The feasibility and reliability of the design are verified. Using ADAMS software, the kinematics simulation of the nail drum and air cleaner of the clutter cleaning system is carried out. The parameters such as velocity, displacement and acceleration are obtained, and the theoretical analysis results are output in the form of graphic curve. It provides an important basis for the design and optimization of component motion parameters.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：S225.911

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