通用流域污染负荷模型（GWLF）的改进与应用实践研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 20:03

本文选题：通用流域污染负荷模型 + 流域水环境管理　；参考：《南开大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：本论文选取国际上流行的通用流域污染负荷模型(GWLF)作为研究对象。首先,对GWLF模型的算法理论进行了细致的分析,提出了一套针对原有模型弱点的算法改进策略,并基于实际案例对效果进行了评价。结果表明,新增的模型算法能够弥补原始模型在水文结构假设上的不足,应用改进的GWLF模型,能够显著提高对流域枯水期水量的模拟精度,进而提升模型结果的可靠性。在上述研究的基础上,选取中国北方的于桥水库流域和南方的新安江流域,面向我国地方环境管理的实际需求,应用GWLF模型开展了案例应用实践研究。研究结果表明,改进的GWLF模型能够在月尺度上很好地模拟目标流域的水文化学过程,解析流域内特征污染物的负荷贡献来源,并面向不同的需求目标,开展时空差异性分析,包括揭示在不同水情、不同季节、极端污染等条件下的流域污染来源结构特征,以及面向人为行政区划的污染负荷来源空间结构差异性分析。上述案例研究结果表明,GWLF模型在我国有良好的适用性,其数据需求与我国现有的基础环境数据条件相匹配,结果精度和结论能够满足一般的环境管理需求,具有重大的推广应用价值与潜力。基于上述结论,为推动GWLF模型在我国的发展,本论文研究利用已有的模型算法机理与应用实践经验,进一步使用JAVA计算机程序语言,开发了具有独立自主知识产权的全中文版GWLF模型软件。该软件整合了参数自动校准的功能,并面向不同用户层的特点与需求分别设计了精简模式和专业模式,可供地方基层环境管理人员与普通专业科研人员使用,进而在理论层面及应用层面推动了GWLF模型在中国的推广普及。总体来说,本论文研究以GWLF模型技术为核心,以面向中国水环境管理需求的流域模型应用为目标,以验证GWLF模型在我国应用的适用性为目的,开展了一系列相关的研究工作。基于所得到的研究结果可知,本论文提出的基于模型技术的科学决策支撑体系,能够为提升我国流域水环境管理的科学化与精细化水平,提供新的理念与方向；模型的案例研究结果能够为GWLF模型在我国环境管理工作中的应用实践提供现实参考；所开发的全中文模型软件能够作为制定科学决策支持信息的可靠工具。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the universal watershed pollution load model (GWLF) is chosen as the research object. Firstly, the algorithm theory of GWLF model is analyzed in detail, and a set of algorithm improvement strategy aiming at the weakness of the original model is put forward, and the effect is evaluated based on the actual cases. The results show that the new model algorithm can make up for the deficiency of the original model in the hydrological structure hypothesis, and the application of the improved GWLF model can significantly improve the accuracy of the simulation of the water volume in the dry season of the watershed, thereby enhancing the reliability of the model results. On the basis of the above research, this paper selects the Yuqiao Reservoir basin in the north of China and the Xin'an River basin in the south to meet the actual needs of local environmental management in China, and carries out the case application study by using the GWLF model. The results show that the improved GWLF model can well simulate hydrological processes in the target watershed on a monthly scale, analyze the sources of the load contribution of the characteristic pollutants in the basin, and carry out spatio-temporal differences analysis for different demand targets. It includes revealing the characteristics of the pollution source structure under the conditions of different water regime, different seasons and extreme pollution, as well as the analysis of the spatial structure difference of the pollution load source for the artificial administrative division. The results of the case study show that the GWLF model has good applicability in China, and its data demand matches the existing basic environmental data conditions in China, and the accuracy and conclusion of the results can meet the general environmental management needs. It has great application value and potential. Based on the above conclusion, in order to promote the development of GWLF model in our country, this paper uses the existing model algorithm mechanism and practical experience to further use JAVA computer programming language. An all-Chinese version of GWLF model software with independent intellectual property rights is developed. The software integrates the function of automatic calibration of parameters, and designs a simplified model and a professional model to meet the characteristics and needs of different user layers, which can be used by local environmental managers and ordinary professional researchers. Then it promotes the popularization of GWLF model in China at the theoretical level and application level. In general, this paper focuses on GWLF model technology, aims at the application of watershed model to meet the water environment management needs in China, and aims to verify the applicability of GWLF model in China, and carries out a series of related research work. Based on the results of the research, the scientific decision support system based on the model technology proposed in this paper can provide a new idea and direction for improving the scientific and fine level of watershed water environment management in China. The results of the case study can provide a practical reference for the application of GWLF model in environmental management in China, and the all-Chinese model software can be used as a reliable tool for making scientific decision support information.
【学位授予单位】：南开大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X52

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