中美高新技术产品贸易摩擦研究
发布时间：2018-08-24 21:32
【摘要】：高新技术产业是以高新技术为基础,从事高新技术及其产品的研究、开发、生产和技术服务的企业集合,它具有知识密集、技术密集、开发难度大、效益回报大的特点。我国高新技术产业起步于上世纪五十年代,与西方发达国家相比,起步较晚,又因为经济、技术等客观因素的限制,技术相对落后,还不太成熟。但我国正积极投入大量的精力努力地开发,在近几年的开发研制中取得了举世瞩目的成就。1988年8月,我国启动高新技术产业化发展计划—火炬计划,其中创办高新技术产业开发区被作为重点发展目标之一,从1988年8月到2014年2月为止,国务院先后批准建立114个高新技术产业开发区,其范围遍及全国各个省份。 科学技术在经济发展中起的作用越来越大,越来越多的国家意识到高新技术的重要性,并大力支持高新技术产业,同时,全球高新技术产品贸易量也飞速增长,我国跟随着时代潮流也在大力发展高新技术产业和高新技术产品贸易,然而近年来,高新技术产品贸易摩擦逐渐成为我国关注的热点问题,摩擦呈愈演愈烈之势,当前我国高新技术产品贸易摩擦主要集中在与欧美国家贸易中,其中以美国最多,涉及贸易金额也最大。高新技术产品贸易摩擦的频繁发生严重影响了中美贸易的健康发展,甚至影响到中美交往的其他的领域。本文首先介绍了中国高新技术产业及中美高新技术产品贸易摩擦现状；然后进一步总结出中美高新技术产品贸易摩擦存在的原因；接着分析了贸易摩擦给中美两国带来的实质影响；最后针对当前我国面临的情况提出相应的建议。 本文主要的观点是我国高新技术产业结构发展不完善,出口产品以加工贸易为主,过多集中在科技含量低的产品上,创汇能力较弱。另外我国对美国市场依存度过高,而美国对我国市场依存度过低,同时我国技术落后,贸易摩擦控制、解决机制不完善等因素都导致了贸易摩擦的不断产生。本文的创新之处在于,系统分析了高新技术产品贸易摩擦的原因,并运用案例和数据客观地分析出对我国的积极影响和消极影响,针对当前的中国国情提出相应的应对措施。
[Abstract]:High-tech industry is a collection of enterprises engaged in the research, development, production and technical service of high-tech and its products on the basis of high and new technology. It has the characteristics of knowledge intensive, technology-intensive, development difficulty and benefit return. China's high-tech industry started in the 1950s. Compared with the western developed countries, it started relatively late, and because of the limitation of economy, technology and other objective factors, the technology is relatively backward and immature. However, China is actively devoting a great deal of energy to the development and development, and has made remarkable achievements in recent years. In August 1988, China launched a new high-tech industrialization development plan, the Torch Plan. From August 1988 to February 2014, the State Council has approved the establishment of 114 high-tech industrial development zones, covering all provinces of the country. Science and technology are playing a more and more important role in economic development. More and more countries are aware of the importance of high and new technology, and vigorously support high and new technology industries. At the same time, the volume of global trade of high and new technology products is also growing rapidly. Following the trend of the times, our country is also vigorously developing the high-tech industry and high-tech product trade. However, in recent years, the trade friction of high-tech products has gradually become a hot issue of our country's attention, and the friction is becoming more and more intense. At present, the trade friction of high and new technology products in our country is mainly concentrated in the trade with European and American countries, among which the United States is the most important and the amount of trade involved is also the largest. The frequent trade friction of high-tech products has seriously affected the healthy development of Sino-US trade, and even affected other areas of Sino-US exchanges. This paper first introduces China's high-tech industry and the current situation of Sino-American high-tech product trade friction, and then summarizes the causes of Sino-American high-tech product trade friction. Then it analyzes the real impact of trade friction on China and the United States, and finally puts forward corresponding suggestions in view of the current situation in China. The main point of view of this paper is that the industrial structure of high and new technology in China is not perfect, the export products are mainly processed trade, too much concentrated on the products with low scientific and technological content, and the ability to earn foreign exchange is relatively weak. On the other hand, our country's dependence on the American market is too high, and the American's dependence on our country's market is too low. At the same time, our country's technological backwardness, trade friction control and solution mechanism are all factors that lead to the trade friction. The innovation of this paper lies in the systematic analysis of the causes of the trade friction of high and new technology products, and the use of cases and data to objectively analyze the positive and negative effects on our country, and to put forward corresponding countermeasures in view of the current situation of China.
【学位授予单位】：贵州财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F276.44;F752.02;F757.12
本文编号：2202106
[Abstract]:High-tech industry is a collection of enterprises engaged in the research, development, production and technical service of high-tech and its products on the basis of high and new technology. It has the characteristics of knowledge intensive, technology-intensive, development difficulty and benefit return. China's high-tech industry started in the 1950s. Compared with the western developed countries, it started relatively late, and because of the limitation of economy, technology and other objective factors, the technology is relatively backward and immature. However, China is actively devoting a great deal of energy to the development and development, and has made remarkable achievements in recent years. In August 1988, China launched a new high-tech industrialization development plan, the Torch Plan. From August 1988 to February 2014, the State Council has approved the establishment of 114 high-tech industrial development zones, covering all provinces of the country. Science and technology are playing a more and more important role in economic development. More and more countries are aware of the importance of high and new technology, and vigorously support high and new technology industries. At the same time, the volume of global trade of high and new technology products is also growing rapidly. Following the trend of the times, our country is also vigorously developing the high-tech industry and high-tech product trade. However, in recent years, the trade friction of high-tech products has gradually become a hot issue of our country's attention, and the friction is becoming more and more intense. At present, the trade friction of high and new technology products in our country is mainly concentrated in the trade with European and American countries, among which the United States is the most important and the amount of trade involved is also the largest. The frequent trade friction of high-tech products has seriously affected the healthy development of Sino-US trade, and even affected other areas of Sino-US exchanges. This paper first introduces China's high-tech industry and the current situation of Sino-American high-tech product trade friction, and then summarizes the causes of Sino-American high-tech product trade friction. Then it analyzes the real impact of trade friction on China and the United States, and finally puts forward corresponding suggestions in view of the current situation in China. The main point of view of this paper is that the industrial structure of high and new technology in China is not perfect, the export products are mainly processed trade, too much concentrated on the products with low scientific and technological content, and the ability to earn foreign exchange is relatively weak. On the other hand, our country's dependence on the American market is too high, and the American's dependence on our country's market is too low. At the same time, our country's technological backwardness, trade friction control and solution mechanism are all factors that lead to the trade friction. The innovation of this paper lies in the systematic analysis of the causes of the trade friction of high and new technology products, and the use of cases and data to objectively analyze the positive and negative effects on our country, and to put forward corresponding countermeasures in view of the current situation of China.
【学位授予单位】：贵州财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F276.44;F752.02;F757.12
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