商标侵犯著作权停止侵害责任的限制

发布时间：2018-09-05 18:07

【摘要】：当商标使用者用作商标的图形、图案符合美术作品的构成条件时,其使用的商标即受《商标法》和《著作权法》的双重保护。如果商标使用者用作商标的图形、图案等是他人已享有著作权的美术作品,就有可能涉及到商标侵犯著作权的问题。自上世纪九十年代以来,商标侵犯著作权的案件就屡见不鲜。学界曾展开广泛讨论,但焦点主要集中在具体案件的分析以及解决原则和指导思想的研究,对如何具体合理地确定停止侵害责任,尚无比较全面和完整的研究成果。我国《商标法》和2009年《最高人民法院关于当前经济形势下知识产权审判服务大局若干问题的意见》曾对这一问题给予相应的回应,但仍不尽合理和完善。文章通过实证分析1996年以来的商标侵犯著作权案件,发现在司法实践中,未注册商标侵犯著作权案件以及涉案图形被侵权以前已经被用作商标使用的案件近年来数量逐渐增多,并且存在着当然判决停止侵害责任的问题。针对以上出现的新情况和问题,应根据不同案件的类型有条件地合理限制商标使用人的停止侵害责任。从利益平衡角度看,作品与商标在价值体现和利益实现方面的本质差异决定了必须对商标使用人的停止侵害责任合理并有条件地限制,从而实现利益平衡的状态和公平正义的结果。从知识产权法的经济学角度来看,限制商标使用人的停止侵害责任能够节约作品生产成本、知识财产权成本和社会成本,实现更大的社会经济收益。从民法禁止权利滥用的角度来看,限制在先著作权能够有效避免权利的滥用,实现立法本意和实质正义。限制停止侵害责任应当充分考虑主观过错、双方损失以及社会公共利益等因素,针对不同的案件类型确定限制停止侵害责任的具体条件。然而限制停止侵害责任毕竟是将权利的天平向商标使用人倾斜,为达到利益平衡状态,还需要合理地适用其他民事责任——赔礼道歉和赔偿损失。赔礼道歉和赔偿损失能够为著作权人恢复人格尊严,弥补经济损失,可以较全面地实现对著作权人的救济。
[Abstract]:The trademark used by the trademark user is protected by the Trademark Law and the copyright Law when the figure of the trademark and the pattern conforms to the constitution condition of the art work, and the trademark used by the user is protected by the Trademark Law and the copyright Law. If the trademark user is used as the figure or pattern of the trademark, it may involve the infringement of the copyright by the trademark. Since the 1990 s, trademark infringement of copyright cases are common. The academic circles have carried out extensive discussions, but the focus is mainly on the analysis of specific cases and the study of the principles and guiding ideology of solving the case. There is no comprehensive and complete research result on how to determine the responsibility of stopping infringement in a concrete and reasonable way. The Trademark Law of our country and the opinions of the Supreme people's Court of 2009 on some problems of intellectual property trial serving the overall situation under the current economic situation have given a corresponding response to this problem, but it is still not reasonable and perfect. Through the empirical analysis of trademark infringement cases since 1996, this paper finds that in judicial practice, the number of cases in which unregistered trademark infringes copyright and the figures involved have been used as trademarks before infringement has gradually increased in recent years. And there is the problem of the ex officio judgment to stop the infringement liability. In view of the above new situation and problems, the liability of stop infringement of trademark users should be restricted conditionally and reasonably according to the types of different cases. From the angle of balance of interests, the essential difference between work and trademark in value embodiment and interest realization determines that the liability of stopping infringement of trademark users must be restricted reasonably and conditionally. In order to achieve the state of balance of interests and the result of fairness and justice. From the point of view of intellectual property law, limiting the liability of trademark users to stop infringing can save the production cost, intellectual property cost and social cost, and achieve greater social and economic benefits. From the perspective of the prohibition of abuse of rights in civil law, restricting copyright before can effectively avoid abuse of rights and achieve legislative intent and substantive justice. In order to limit the liability for cessation of infringement, the subjective fault, the loss of both sides and the public interest should be taken into account, and the specific conditions for the limitation of liability for cessation of infringement should be determined according to the different types of cases. However, to limit the liability to stop infringement is to tilt the balance of rights to the trademark user. In order to achieve the balance of interests, it is necessary to reasonably apply other civil liabilities-apology and compensation for losses. Apology and compensation can restore the dignity of the copyright owner, make up for the economic loss, and realize the relief to the copyright owner in an all-round way.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D923.43;D923.41

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