基于前端变频的无工频牵引变压器的交直变换系统研究
发布时间：2018-12-08 19:25
【摘要】：无工频变压器机车牵引系统与传统交-直-交传动系统相比较,前者取消了笨重及效率低下的工频牵引变压器。电力机车重量由此得到减轻、效率得到提升。在国外,此类系统的研究工作已经展开,并取得了一定成果,引起了广泛关注。在国内,关于此类系统的报道比较少见。对该类系统的研究有利于跟踪国外技术动态与技术发展,对开发具有我国自主知识产权的技术产品具有重大意义。 通过比较分析该类系统的几种技术方案,本文选取了一种输入端级联周波变换器、输出端并联全桥整流器的变换系统作为研究对象。该变换系统取代了传统交直交传动系统中的交-直变换环节,取消了工频牵引变压器,为牵引逆变器提供了稳定直流电压。系统主要特点为：多个变换模块级联,采用前端变频以及中频变压器电气隔离。主要研究工作如下： (1)分析了变换系统主电路工作模式,解决了单级AC/AC/DC变换器换流期间中频变压器漏感尖峰电压问题,分析了单级变换器PWM调制方式及载波移相技术在该系统中的应用,探讨了级联系统的控制特性以及每个变换模块前端输入电压及输出电流随模块参数的变化规律,并利用仿真实验验证了相关分析。 (2)推导得出了该变换系统主电路参数计算式(如输入电感、二次侧滤波器、直流侧支撑电容),对中频变压器的参数给出了限制和要求。 (3)采用电压、电流双闭环的控制策略,实现了该变换系统的控制。在此基础上,采用平均电压和平均电流法实现了变换系统的各模块输入端均压、输出侧均流的控制。 (4)利用状态空间平均法建立变换系统主电路等效空间模型,利用平衡点附近线性化的方法得到了变换系统小信号模型,设计了电压环控制器参数。 (5)根据CRH5列车交流传动系统的额定参数,设计了一个交直变换系统用于模拟CRH5列车的交直环节,利用MATLAB/SIMULINK和PSIM相结合仿真法对所该变换系统在开环下的控制特性,载波移相后电感电流控制效果以及闭环控制下的牵引、制动工况、网压波动、负载突变、电压指令跟踪以及变换模块间的均压与均流控制进行了仿真分析。 仿真结果表明：该变换系统直流侧输出电压稳定,输入网侧的功率因数可调,满足相关技术指标。级联系统模块间能实现输入端的均压与输出侧的均流。换流过程中,中频变压器漏感尖峰电压能够较好的消除。载波移相技术在系统中应用对输入电感电流正弦化具有很好效果。仿真结果进一步证明了变换系统理论分析的正确性。
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional AC-DC-AC drive system, the traction system of the locomotive without power frequency transformer cancels the heavy and inefficient power frequency traction transformer. Thus, the weight of electric locomotive is reduced and the efficiency is improved. In foreign countries, the research work of this kind of system has been carried out, and some achievements have been made, which has aroused wide attention. In China, reports of such systems are rare. The research of this kind of system is helpful to track the technological development and development of foreign countries, and it is of great significance to develop the technology products with our own intellectual property rights. By comparing and analyzing several technical schemes of this kind of system, this paper selects a kind of input cascade Zhou Bo converter and output parallel full-bridge rectifier as the research object. The conversion system replaces the AC-DC link in the traditional AC / DC drive system, cancels the power frequency traction transformer, and provides a stable DC voltage for the traction inverter. The main features of the system are: multiple conversion modules cascade, front-end frequency conversion and if transformer electrical isolation. The main research works are as follows: (1) the main circuit mode of the conversion system is analyzed to solve the problem of leakage inductance peak voltage of if transformer during commutation of single-stage AC/DC converter. The application of single stage converter PWM modulation and carrier phase shift technology in the system is analyzed. The control characteristics of the cascade system and the variation of the front end input voltage and output current of each transform module with the module parameters are discussed. The correlation analysis is verified by simulation experiments. (2) the formulas for calculating the main circuit parameters (such as input inductance, secondary filter, DC side supporting capacitor) are derived, and the parameters of if transformer are limited and required. (3) the control strategy of voltage and current double closed loop is adopted to realize the control of the conversion system. On this basis, the method of average voltage and average current is used to realize the control of input voltage and output current sharing in each module of the conversion system. (4) the equivalent space model of the main circuit of the transformation system is established by using the state space averaging method. The small signal model of the transformation system is obtained by linearization near the equilibrium point, and the parameters of the voltage loop controller are designed. (5) according to the rated parameters of the AC transmission system of CRH5 train, an AC-DC transform system is designed to simulate the AC link of the CRH5 train. The control characteristics of the conversion system under the open loop are simulated by the method of MATLAB/SIMULINK and PSIM. The control effect of inductor current after carrier phase shift, traction, braking condition, network voltage fluctuation, load mutation, voltage command tracking and voltage sharing and current sharing control between conversion modules are simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the DC side output voltage of the system is stable and the power factor of the input network side can be adjusted to meet the relevant technical specifications. The cascade system module can achieve the input voltage and output side of the current sharing. In the process of commutation, if transformer leakage inductance peak voltage can be eliminated better. The application of carrier phase shift technique in the system has a good effect on sinusoidal input inductance current. The simulation results further prove the correctness of the theoretical analysis of the transformation system.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TM922.73
本文编号：2368875
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional AC-DC-AC drive system, the traction system of the locomotive without power frequency transformer cancels the heavy and inefficient power frequency traction transformer. Thus, the weight of electric locomotive is reduced and the efficiency is improved. In foreign countries, the research work of this kind of system has been carried out, and some achievements have been made, which has aroused wide attention. In China, reports of such systems are rare. The research of this kind of system is helpful to track the technological development and development of foreign countries, and it is of great significance to develop the technology products with our own intellectual property rights. By comparing and analyzing several technical schemes of this kind of system, this paper selects a kind of input cascade Zhou Bo converter and output parallel full-bridge rectifier as the research object. The conversion system replaces the AC-DC link in the traditional AC / DC drive system, cancels the power frequency traction transformer, and provides a stable DC voltage for the traction inverter. The main features of the system are: multiple conversion modules cascade, front-end frequency conversion and if transformer electrical isolation. The main research works are as follows: (1) the main circuit mode of the conversion system is analyzed to solve the problem of leakage inductance peak voltage of if transformer during commutation of single-stage AC/DC converter. The application of single stage converter PWM modulation and carrier phase shift technology in the system is analyzed. The control characteristics of the cascade system and the variation of the front end input voltage and output current of each transform module with the module parameters are discussed. The correlation analysis is verified by simulation experiments. (2) the formulas for calculating the main circuit parameters (such as input inductance, secondary filter, DC side supporting capacitor) are derived, and the parameters of if transformer are limited and required. (3) the control strategy of voltage and current double closed loop is adopted to realize the control of the conversion system. On this basis, the method of average voltage and average current is used to realize the control of input voltage and output current sharing in each module of the conversion system. (4) the equivalent space model of the main circuit of the transformation system is established by using the state space averaging method. The small signal model of the transformation system is obtained by linearization near the equilibrium point, and the parameters of the voltage loop controller are designed. (5) according to the rated parameters of the AC transmission system of CRH5 train, an AC-DC transform system is designed to simulate the AC link of the CRH5 train. The control characteristics of the conversion system under the open loop are simulated by the method of MATLAB/SIMULINK and PSIM. The control effect of inductor current after carrier phase shift, traction, braking condition, network voltage fluctuation, load mutation, voltage command tracking and voltage sharing and current sharing control between conversion modules are simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the DC side output voltage of the system is stable and the power factor of the input network side can be adjusted to meet the relevant technical specifications. The cascade system module can achieve the input voltage and output side of the current sharing. In the process of commutation, if transformer leakage inductance peak voltage can be eliminated better. The application of carrier phase shift technique in the system has a good effect on sinusoidal input inductance current. The simulation results further prove the correctness of the theoretical analysis of the transformation system.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TM922.73
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