电力体制改革能否降低电价

发布时间：2018-01-06 22:42

本文关键词：电力体制改革能否降低电价　出处：《价格理论与实践》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：本文试图探讨两个问题:第一,降低电价是否是推动电力体制改革的合理动机;第二,电力体制改革是否能够降低电价。理论分析表明,传统电力体制的核心弊端是效率低、成本高,而高成本必然分摊到终端销售电价上。以引入竞争为核心的电力体制改革旨在通过市场竞争提高效率、降低成本,进而降低电价。但是,在电力市场体制下,衡量价格与成本偏差的勒纳指数可能会扩大,这会使得生产成本的降低无法充分传导到电价降低上,而是增加企业利润。这一点在英国体制改革中已经得到验证。在我国,电力行业的生产效率还有较大提高空间,因此,各地方政府希望通过改革降低成本,从而降低工业电价。但是,考虑到政府管制下我国电力行业的资产利润率长期偏低的事实,改革后成本的节约必然会体现在某些企业利润增加上,而不是降低电价。甚至可能由于市场设计不当导致勒纳指数大幅度提高,则电价不降反升。
[Abstract]:This paper tries to discuss two problems: first, whether reducing electricity price is a reasonable motive to promote the reform of electric power system; Second, whether the power system reform can reduce the electricity price. The theoretical analysis shows that the core disadvantage of the traditional power system is low efficiency and high cost. The reform of electric power system with the core of introducing competition aims to improve the efficiency, reduce the cost and then reduce the electricity price through the market competition. However, in the electricity market system. The Lerner Index, which measures price versus cost deviations, may expand, making the reduction in production costs less likely to be fully linked to lower electricity prices. This has been proved in the reform of the British system. In our country, there is still much room for improvement in the production efficiency of the power industry. Therefore, local governments hope to reduce costs through the reform. So as to reduce the industrial electricity price. However, considering the fact that the profit margin of power industry in China has been low for a long time under the control of the government, the cost saving after the reform will inevitably be reflected in the increase of the profits of some enterprises. Instead of lowering electricity prices, prices may rise rather than fall even as a result of poorly designed markets leading to a big increase in the Lerner index.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学能源与产业经济研究中心;北京师范大学经济与资源管理研究院;
【基金】：国家电网公司科技项目资助(SGERI06KJ[2015]50号)“电力体制改革综合试点模式及成效评估技术研究”的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：F426.61
【正文快照】： 2015年3月,中共中央、国务院发布《关于进一步深化电力体制改革的若干意见》(中发〔2015〕9号,以下简称“9号文”),开启了新一轮电力体制改革。2015年11月,国家发展改革委、国家能源局发布《关于印发电力体制改革配套文件的通知》(发改经体〔2015〕2752号),出台了本轮电力体制

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