建设工程项目物资采购模式优化研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 14:30

本文选题：建设工程项目 + 采购模式　；参考：《石家庄铁道大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国多个重大工程受到全球瞩目,这也意味着我国开始迈向建设大国,彰显了我国在工程建设中的实力。但同时,建设工程项目在施工作业中仍存在采购不规范、采购成本居高不下的状况,工程总成本降低成为难题。虽然供应链采购模式已得到广泛应用,但仍依赖传统采购模式,采购模式在具体应用中也存在一系列问题,这都制约了我国建设工程的高速发展。论文在建设工程迅猛发展的背景下,借鉴了大量文献以及学者的研究,总结国内外采购模式相关的理论和实践经验,就优化建设工程项目物资采购模式开展研究,以采购成本的降低为目的,给出建设工程项目物资采购模式的优化改进方案。首先,归纳采购模式的概念并对其分类,详述建设工程项目物资采购的含义、特点、类别及其重要性,介绍引入供应链理念的建设工程项目的采购特点。其次,分析传统建设工程项目物资采购,介绍传统采购中常见的问题;分析建设工程项目物资采购模式,以供应链采购模式为主,围绕集中采购、JIT采购和供应商管理库存采购三种模式展开论述,阐明以上模式的特征和适用条件,归纳对比其优缺点;分析说明建设工程项目实施供应链物资采购模式的必要性。将降低采购成本作为出发点,提出建设工程项目物资采购模式优化的思路及目标,具体包括应用卡拉杰克矩阵对物资分类并构建物资定位模型,熵权法计算;将灰色-层次关联分析法用于供应商选优;集中采购、JIT采购和供应商管理库存采购三种供应链采购模式结合应用与采购活动中,应用构建的采购成本计算模型,作业成本法计算,得出该方案能达成采购成本降低的目的。最后,以某标段项目采购活动为例,介绍其项目概况、采购现状及问题,应用上述模型,列举11种物资对其分类和定位,以钢筋采购为例对钢筋供应商选优。算例得出优化后的三种采购模式联合应用的采购总成本要小于现有采购模式下的采购总成本,进而提出该标段项目物资采购模式优化方案实施的对策。
[Abstract]:In recent years, many major projects in our country have attracted worldwide attention, which also means that our country has begun to move towards a large country of construction, which shows the strength of our country in engineering construction. But at the same time, the construction project in the construction work still exists the procurement non-standard, the procurement cost is high, the project total cost reduces becomes the difficult problem. Although the supply chain procurement model has been widely used, it still relies on the traditional procurement model, and there are a series of problems in the specific application of the procurement model, which restricts the rapid development of construction projects in China. Under the background of the rapid development of construction engineering, this paper draws lessons from a large number of literature and scholars, summarizes the relevant theoretical and practical experience of procurement model at home and abroad, and studies the optimization of material procurement model of construction project. In order to reduce the purchasing cost, the optimization and improvement scheme of material purchasing mode of construction project is given. First of all, the concept and classification of procurement model are summarized, and the meaning, characteristics, categories and importance of material procurement of construction projects are described in detail, and the purchasing characteristics of construction engineering projects with the concept of supply chain are introduced. Secondly, it analyzes the traditional construction project material procurement, introduces the common problems in the traditional procurement, analyzes the construction project material procurement model, mainly in the supply chain procurement mode, Focusing on the three modes of centralized purchasing JIT procurement and supplier management inventory purchasing, the characteristics and applicable conditions of the above models are expounded, and their advantages and disadvantages are summarized and compared. The necessity of implementing supply chain material purchase mode for construction project is analyzed. This paper takes the reduction of purchasing cost as the starting point, and puts forward the idea and goal of optimizing the material purchasing mode of construction project, including the material classification and material positioning model based on Karajak matrix, and the calculation of entropy weight method. The gray-AHP method is applied to the selection of suppliers, and the three supply chain procurement modes, centralized purchasing JIT and supplier management inventory procurement, are applied in combination with the procurement activities, and the procurement cost calculation model is constructed. Activity-Based costing (ABC) calculation shows that this scheme can achieve the purpose of reducing purchasing cost. Finally, taking the purchasing activities of a certain segment project as an example, this paper introduces the general situation of the project, the status quo and problems of the procurement, applies the above model, enumerates 11 kinds of materials to classify and locate them, and takes the steel bar purchase as an example to select the steel bar supplier. An example shows that the total cost of the combined application of the three optimal procurement modes is lower than the total cost of the existing procurement model, and then puts forward the countermeasures for the implementation of the optimization scheme of the material procurement mode of the segment project.
【学位授予单位】：石家庄铁道大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F274;F426.92

【参考文献】