西钢集团铁矿石采购定价策略研究
发布时间：2018-08-17 15:36
【摘要】：目前,全球经济增速放缓,中国经济新常态运行,我国钢铁需求不再维持以前的高速增长。在钢铁需求不足且销售价格低于生产成本的情况下,西钢集团近年来持续亏损。如何降低采购成本,扭亏为盈成为西钢集团面临的最根本问题。铁矿石采购成本占西钢集团原材料总成本的80%,铁矿石采购价格的下降将直接提升钢铁销售利润,因此研究铁矿石采购定价策略对西钢集团至关重要。在学术研究方面,国内外学者对于铁矿石定价研究有着许多的成果,其研究重点多数在长协定价机制演变及对钢铁企业影响、季度指数定价特征和海运铁矿石定价决定因素分析等现实问题上,但是研究视角均以三大矿山主导的海运铁矿石市场为主,对于陆运进口铁矿石市场分析和定价策略研究存在着一定的空白。事实上,我国边境地区钢铁企业均利用地缘优势,采取陆运方式进口铁矿石。在这样的背景下,本文选取西钢集团作为研究对象,从不同市场选择到对应市场定价策略选取进行逐步分析展现。本文立足于当前国际铁矿石市场情况,通过对长协定价机制和季度定价机制的介绍,给出西钢集团可以借鉴的定价方式。同时通过供求曲线分析,说明指数定价下市场的可操纵性。分析各个铁矿石采购市场结构,研究供应商市场所占份额。从市场变动、卖方行为和交易成本等方面分析现行定价策略存在的问题,通过模型分析卖方超额利润,并通过实际交易价格对比论证卖方合谋行为。比对长协定价机制和季度指数定价机制对西钢成本的影响,结合西钢特定采购需求和季节因素,给出相应策略下的定价优化。本文以西钢集团为分析对象,力求对铁矿石采购定价策略选取中涉及的定价机制、市场结构、综合成本和季度因素影响等诸多内容进行展示,为边境地区钢铁企业铁矿石采购定价提供分析参考,为企业管理者提供有益的借鉴。
[Abstract]:At present, global economic growth is slowing, the new normal operation of China's economy, China's steel demand no longer maintain the previous rapid growth. XISCO has continued to lose money in recent years amid a lack of steel demand and lower sales prices than production costs. How to reduce purchasing costs and turn losses into profits has become the most fundamental problem faced by XISCO. The iron ore purchase cost accounts for 80% of the total raw material cost of XISCO, and the falling iron ore price will directly boost the profit of steel sales, so studying the iron ore purchasing pricing strategy is very important to XISCO. In academic research, scholars at home and abroad have a lot of achievements in iron ore pricing research, most of which focus on the evolution of the long Association pricing mechanism and its impact on iron and steel enterprises. The quarterly index pricing characteristics and the analysis of the determinants of seaborne iron ore pricing are realistic issues, but the perspective of the research is mainly the seaborne iron ore market dominated by the three major mines. There are some gaps in the market analysis and pricing strategy of imported iron ore by land. In fact, iron and steel enterprises in border areas of our country take advantage of geographical advantages to import iron ore by land transport. Under this background, this paper selects XISCO Group as the research object, from different market selection to the corresponding market pricing strategy selection for step-by-step analysis and demonstration. Based on the current situation of international iron ore market, this paper introduces the pricing mechanism of long term association and quarterly pricing mechanism, and gives the pricing methods that can be used for reference by XISCO Group. At the same time, through the supply and demand curve analysis, the index pricing under the market maneuverability. Analyze the structure of each iron ore purchasing market and study the market share of suppliers. This paper analyzes the problems existing in the current pricing strategy from the aspects of market change, seller's behavior and transaction cost, analyzes the excess profit of the seller through the model, and proves the collusion behavior of the seller by comparing the actual transaction prices. By comparing the influence of long term association pricing mechanism and quarterly index pricing mechanism on the cost of XISCO, combined with the specific purchasing demand and seasonal factors of XISCO, the pricing optimization under the corresponding strategy is given. In this paper, we try to show the pricing mechanism, market structure, comprehensive cost and quarterly influence of iron ore purchasing pricing strategy. This paper provides an analysis reference for iron ore purchasing pricing of iron and steel enterprises in border area, and provides useful reference for enterprise managers.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.31;F274
[Abstract]:At present, global economic growth is slowing, the new normal operation of China's economy, China's steel demand no longer maintain the previous rapid growth. XISCO has continued to lose money in recent years amid a lack of steel demand and lower sales prices than production costs. How to reduce purchasing costs and turn losses into profits has become the most fundamental problem faced by XISCO. The iron ore purchase cost accounts for 80% of the total raw material cost of XISCO, and the falling iron ore price will directly boost the profit of steel sales, so studying the iron ore purchasing pricing strategy is very important to XISCO. In academic research, scholars at home and abroad have a lot of achievements in iron ore pricing research, most of which focus on the evolution of the long Association pricing mechanism and its impact on iron and steel enterprises. The quarterly index pricing characteristics and the analysis of the determinants of seaborne iron ore pricing are realistic issues, but the perspective of the research is mainly the seaborne iron ore market dominated by the three major mines. There are some gaps in the market analysis and pricing strategy of imported iron ore by land. In fact, iron and steel enterprises in border areas of our country take advantage of geographical advantages to import iron ore by land transport. Under this background, this paper selects XISCO Group as the research object, from different market selection to the corresponding market pricing strategy selection for step-by-step analysis and demonstration. Based on the current situation of international iron ore market, this paper introduces the pricing mechanism of long term association and quarterly pricing mechanism, and gives the pricing methods that can be used for reference by XISCO Group. At the same time, through the supply and demand curve analysis, the index pricing under the market maneuverability. Analyze the structure of each iron ore purchasing market and study the market share of suppliers. This paper analyzes the problems existing in the current pricing strategy from the aspects of market change, seller's behavior and transaction cost, analyzes the excess profit of the seller through the model, and proves the collusion behavior of the seller by comparing the actual transaction prices. By comparing the influence of long term association pricing mechanism and quarterly index pricing mechanism on the cost of XISCO, combined with the specific purchasing demand and seasonal factors of XISCO, the pricing optimization under the corresponding strategy is given. In this paper, we try to show the pricing mechanism, market structure, comprehensive cost and quarterly influence of iron ore purchasing pricing strategy. This paper provides an analysis reference for iron ore purchasing pricing of iron and steel enterprises in border area, and provides useful reference for enterprise managers.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.31;F274
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