我国银行对外开放与金融安全研究

发布时间：2018-02-24 02:52

本文关键词： 开放度银行稳定性银行效率银行控制力金融安全　出处：《华东师范大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自20世纪90年代拉美、俄罗斯和中东欧及亚洲陆续爆发金融危机以来,银行开放、金融危机和金融安全问题开始逐渐受到人们的关注和重视,2007年下半年美国爆发的次贷危机迅速席卷全球,这些问题再次成为世界各国政府、理论和实践工作者研究的热点。20世纪70年代末我国打开了经济改革开放的大门,我国银行也于1979年随之开启了对外开放的进程。三十多年来,我国取消了对外资银行经营人民币业务的地域、客户限制和其它非审慎性限制,允许外资银行对境内所有客户提供人民币服务,境内外资银行获得了长足发展。外资银行进入是否增强了我国的银行稳定性?是否提升了我国银行的效率?是否会造成我国银行控制力被蚕食?进而是否危及我国金融安全?以往的研究存在许多局限性。本文在测度我国银行对外开放度的基础上,系统评价了外资银行进入对我国银行稳定性、银行效率和控制力是否和怎样产生影响,进而,运用金融安全综合评价理论模型和新金融安全观来综合分析这一系列变化是否会危及我国金融安全。本文的内容可分为五个部分：第一部分提出要研究的问题并进行相关文献综述,由第一、二章构成。第一章主要提出要研究的问题、研究的理论与现实意义、论文的基本结构和研究方法、论文的创新与不足。第二章对相关研究的理论成果进行全面综述,并指出本文的研究视角,以形成本文研究的逻辑起点。第二部分是理论分析,由第三章构成。在开放经济下,外资银行进入会对东道国的银行稳定、银行效率和控制力产生显著影响,进而对东道国的金融安全产生重要影响。本部分从理论上考察了银行开放对金融安全的影响及其实现途径,并在借鉴机制设计理论的基础上,构建了一个理论模型来综合评价外资银行进入对东道国金融安全的影响,它构成本文的基本分析框架。第三部分是案例和实证分析,由第四至七章构成,是全文的重点和核心。第四章从广度和深度两个层面测度了我国银行的对外开放程度,为其他三章提供背景基础。第五章运用案例分析法考察了20世纪90年代拉美金融危机、亚洲金融危机、俄罗斯及中东欧金融危机中外资银行对东道国银行稳定性的影响,并运用Logit模型分析了外资银行对东道国银行稳定性的影响。第六章先用财政部发布的金融业效率评估框架对我国上市商业银行2007年至2012年后银行开放期中经营绩效进行外部效率评价,然后用DEA技术对我国商业银行的内部效率进行了系统评价,最后运用Tobit模型分析了开放经济下影响银行效率的关键因素。第七章运用主成分分析法研究了外资银行进入对我国银行控制力的影响。第四部分是综合评价,由第八章构成。本部分在前文分析的基础上,通过实证分析,估算了我国金融安全指数,研究了金融安全指数的影响因素,运用金融安全综合评价理论模型和新金融安全观来综合评价了后银行开放期中银行稳定性、银行效率、银行控制力对我国金融安全的影响,并以平安银行为例作了案例分析。最后部分对全文进行总结并提出了若干对策建议。通过研究,本文得到如下一些基本结论：第一,总体而言,自银行全面开放以来,我国银行对外开放广度、深度以及综合对外开放度均趋于上升趋势,银行对外开放深度大于对外开放广度,具有不对称性。第二,外资银行进入对东道国银行稳定性产生了正负两种不同的效应,对20世纪90年代以来拉美金融危机、亚洲金融危机和俄罗斯与中东欧金融危机案例分析的结论表明,外资银行进入对东道国银行稳定性的影响总体利大于弊；就我国而言,外资银行进入将有利于东道国银行体系的稳定。第三,本文采用财政部发布的金融业绩效评估框架对我国上市商业银行2007年至2012年后银行开放期中经营绩效进行效率评价,评价结果表明整体上处于“良好”水平,接近“优秀”水平。本文还利用DEA技术对我国商业银行的内部效率进行了系统评估,结果发现,我国商业银行的技术效率较高,且处于稳定的状态,规模效率基本保持平稳,配置效率和成本效率有较大幅度的提升,但改善余地较大。此外,Tobit模型分析发现,影响银行效率的关键因素是银行的获利能力、主营业务的活力、增长潜力、资产质量和资本充足性等,银行的规模和市场份额、国有资本增值能力和拨备覆盖水平等对其没有显著影响。第四,我国银行的控制力呈现不断上升趋势,其中,本国银行发展状况指标对银行控制力的影响最大,其次是本国政府对外资银行的监管力度,最后是外资银行发展状况指标。本国银行发展对我国控制力的贡献度在不断加大,表明我国银行的竞争力在对外开放条件下不断提高。第五,金融安全综合评价理论模型分析表明,在后开放期中,银行对外开放程度的提高,提升了我国银行的稳定性,增强了银行的控制力,改善了银行的效率,从我国银行稳定性、银行效率及银行控制力的正效应可获得金融安全的综合正效应,即银行对外开放促进了我国金融安全度的提升。从估算结果看,我国金融安全指数在2001年至2011年间总体呈现上升趋势；对金融安全影响因素进行实证分析的结论显示,我国银行稳定性、银行效率和银行控制力对金融安全具有正向作用。平安银行案例分析也得出了相同的结论。从“新金融安全观”来看,后开放期中已有证据均不足以支持国外资本通过控制我国银行市场来威胁我国金融安全的判断。
[Abstract]:Since the financial crisis in Latin America , Russia and Central and Eastern Europe and Asia during the 1990s , the opening of banks , financial crisis and financial security have gradually attracted the attention and attention of people . In the second half of the 20th century , China opened the door of economic reform and opening up . The first part presents the problems to be studied and the related literature review . It is composed of the first chapter and the second chapter . The first chapter mainly presents the problems to be studied , the theoretical and practical significance of the research , the basic structure and the research methods of the thesis , the innovation and deficiency of the thesis . The second part is the theoretical analysis , which is composed of the third chapter . In the open economy , the entry of foreign banks will have a significant impact on the bank stability , the efficiency and the control of the host country , and then have an important influence on the financial security of the host country . The third part is the case and the empirical analysis , which is composed of the fourth to seventh chapters . It is the focus and the core of the whole text . The fourth chapter analyzes the influence of foreign banks on the stability of the host country ' s banks from the perspectives of breadth and depth . The fourth part is the comprehensive evaluation , which is composed of the eighth chapter . Based on the analysis above , this part estimates the financial security index of our country , studies the influence factors of the financial security index , uses the comprehensive evaluation theory model of financial security and the new financial security concept to comprehensively evaluate the influence of the bank stability , the bank efficiency and the bank control force on the financial security of our country , and takes the Ping An Bank as an example . The last part summarizes the full text and puts forward some suggestions . Through the study , the following basic conclusions are obtained : First , since the opening of the bank , the opening depth of our country ' s opening to the outside world , the depth of opening up and the opening of the outside world have tended to rise , and the opening depth of the bank is greater than the opening breadth of the outside world , which has asymmetry . Second , the foreign banks enter into two different effects on the stability of the host country ' s banks . The conclusion of the Latin American financial crisis , the Asian financial crisis and the case analysis between Russia and the Central and Eastern Europe since the 1990s shows that the influence of foreign banks into the stability of the host country ' s banks is a general advantage . In the case of our country , the entry of foreign banks will benefit the stability of the host country ' s banking system . Third , this paper uses the financial performance evaluation framework issued by the Ministry of Finance to evaluate the efficiency of China ' s listed commercial banks in the opening period from 2007 to 2012 . The results show that the technical efficiency of commercial banks in our country is high , and the efficiency and cost efficiency of the commercial banks are improved greatly , but the improvement is more room . Furthermore , the Tobit model analysis finds that the key factors that affect the efficiency of the banks are the profitability of the banks , the vitality of the main business , the growth potential , the quality of assets and capital adequacy , and the scale and market share of the banks , the value - added ability of the state - owned capital and the level of the provision coverage have not significantly affected . Fourth , China ' s bank ' s control force is increasing trend , among which , the national bank ' s development status indicator has the biggest influence on the bank ' s control force , secondly , it is the national government ' s supervision on foreign banks , and finally the development status indicator of foreign banks . The contribution of domestic banks ' development to the control force of our country is increasing , which shows that our country ' s bank ' s competitiveness is constantly improving under the conditions of opening to the outside world . Fifth , the financial security comprehensive evaluation theory model shows that in the post - opening period , the opening degree of the bank increases , the bank stability is improved , the bank ' s efficiency is improved , and the positive effect of the bank stability , the bank efficiency and the bank control force can obtain the comprehensive positive effect of the financial security .

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.3

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