金融危机后英国金融监管体制改革分析

发布时间：2019-06-22 19:07

【摘要】：美国次债危机引发的全球金融危机给英国金融业乃至整个经济带来了巨大冲击。危机爆发后，英国政府在积极采取措施进行救市行动的同时，也在分析危机爆发的原因。世界各国的金融专家普遍认为危机的主要原因在于金融监管的缺失和漏洞。金融业是经济活动的核心，有效的金融监管是确保金融业稳定发展及经济健康发展的重要前提。为从金融危机中吸取的经验教训，纠正金融监管的缺陷，防范金融危机的再次爆发，英国积极推进金融监管改革，颁布了金融监管改革方案。英国财政大臣乔治·奥斯本曾公开说，此次英国金融监管体系改革方案是在认真总结史上最严重的金融业危机经验教训的基础上提出的。改革完善了金融监管的目标和手段。明确新的金融监管框架及各主要监管部门的基本职能。英国金融监管改革主要目标是保持金融稳定、防范金融风险，以确保伦敦国际金融中心的地位。改革的主要内容包括确立了中央银行在金融监管中的核心地位，扩大中央银行的审慎监管权；同时，，高度重视对系统性风险的监控，将金融监管的工作重心转向保持金融业整体系统稳定。此外，还重视金融监管的国际合作，特别是加强与欧洲国家间的合作，重视对金融消费者利益保护等。英国是当今世界主要发达金融市场，作为目前世界上发达经济体之一，英国在金融危机之后的监管体制改革具有一定的代表性，对于未来的国际金融监管体制变革也有一定的导向作用。我国金融业正处于加速发展时期,随着我国经济的高速发展，金融业发展趋于混业经营，导致了原有的分业监管模式存在着监管真空和效率低下等问题，限制了金融业的发展，也不利于防范金融风险。随着未来我国金融市场的逐步开放，我国将不可避免的会遭受到更多的金融危机冲击。为了维持金融业稳健运行，我国急需建立适合我国国情的金融监管体制。因此，我们需要密切关注世界各国金融监管改革的新动向和新的思维，借鉴发达国家的金融改革经验，提高我国的金融监管水平和效率。基于此，本文以危机后的英国的监管体制改革作为研究对象，通过对英国金融监管体制改革的动因与背景的介绍，深入分析了英国金融监管体制改革目标、措施和内容，客观评价了其优势与局限性，最后通过对国内金融业的监管现状与存在问题的研究分析，进一步明确了未来我国金融监管的改革目标，为完善我国金融监管体制、提高监管水平、促进国际监管合作提出了合理的建议。
[Abstract]:The global financial crisis caused by the subprime debt crisis in the United States has brought great impact to the British financial industry and even the whole economy. After the outbreak of the crisis, the British government is actively taking measures to rescue the market, but also analyzes the causes of the crisis. Financial experts all over the world generally believe that the main cause of the crisis lies in the lack of financial supervision and loopholes. Financial industry is the core of economic activities, and effective financial supervision is an important prerequisite to ensure the stable development of financial industry and the healthy development of economy. In order to draw lessons from the financial crisis, correct the defects of financial supervision and prevent the recurrence of financial crisis, Britain actively promoted the reform of financial supervision and promulgated the reform plan of financial supervision. British Chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne has said publicly that the reform of Britain's financial regulatory system is based on a careful summary of the lessons learned from the worst financial crisis in history. The reform has improved the objectives and means of financial supervision. Clarify the new financial regulatory framework and the basic functions of the main regulatory departments. The main goal of British financial regulatory reform is to maintain financial stability and guard against financial risks in order to ensure London's status as an international financial centre. The main contents of the reform include establishing the core position of the central bank in the financial supervision and expanding the prudential supervision power of the central bank; at the same time, attach great importance to the monitoring of systemic risks and shift the focus of financial supervision to maintaining the overall system stability of the financial industry. In addition, we also attach importance to the international cooperation of financial supervision, especially to strengthen cooperation with European countries, and attach importance to the protection of the interests of financial consumers. Britain is the main developed financial market in the world today. As one of the developed economies in the world, the reform of the regulatory system in the United Kingdom after the financial crisis is representative to a certain extent, and also plays a guiding role in the reform of the international financial regulatory system in the future. The financial industry of our country is in a period of accelerated development. With the rapid development of our economy, the development of the financial industry tends to be mixed, which leads to the existence of a regulatory vacuum and low efficiency in the original separate supervision mode, which limits the development of the financial industry and is not conducive to preventing financial risks. With the gradual opening of China's financial market in the future, China will inevitably suffer more financial crisis shocks. In order to maintain the steady operation of the financial industry, China urgently needs to establish a financial supervision system suitable for the national conditions of our country. Therefore, we need to pay close attention to the new trend and new thinking of financial supervision reform in the world, draw lessons from the financial reform experience of developed countries, and improve the level and efficiency of financial supervision in our country. Based on this, this paper takes the reform of the supervision system in the United Kingdom after the crisis as the research object, through the introduction of the motivation and background of the reform of the financial supervision system in the United Kingdom, deeply analyzes the objectives, measures and contents of the reform of the financial supervision system in the United Kingdom, objectively evaluates its advantages and limitations, and finally studies and analyzes the present situation and existing problems of the supervision of the domestic financial industry. This paper further clarifies the reform goal of China's financial supervision in the future, and puts forward some reasonable suggestions for perfecting China's financial supervision system, improving the supervision level and promoting international regulatory cooperation.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F835.61

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