基于M型超声波的心肌运动轨迹自动追踪方法研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 20:31

本文关键词： 心肌运动轨迹心动周期相关分析二维动态规划　出处：《安徽农业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：心脏病是目前危害人类健康和威肋病人生命的常见病、多发病。随着我国人口老龄化的到来,心血管疾病的发病率和死亡人数逐年上升。医学影像技术的广泛使用,使心血管疾病的诊断水平显著提高。超声心动图的使用对心血管疾病的诊断具有重要的参考价值。超声波诊断具有操作简单、及时、耗费低廉等特点,并且对人体兀电离辐射的损伤。在超声心动图的研究中,心脏运动的轨迹一直是心肌评价的研究重点,因此超声波心动图研究的关键是心肌运动轨迹追踪的方法研究。首先通过M型超声波对心脏进行扫描得到超声波信号,并对超声波进行一系列变换,得到信号的瞬时相位变化,来计算心肌上每个采样点的瞬时速度,利用瞬时速度模型来跟踪心肌运动的轨迹。为了得到更加接近真实的心肌运动轨迹,论文的主要研究内容分为以下两个部分：1.提出了基于M型超声波的心动周期自动判定方法。根据心脏跳动的周期性律和M型超声波不同时刻的相位变化,用相关分析的方法自动判断出一个心动周期。对临床上的13例M型超声波的数据进行了心动周期的自动判定实验。并将相关分析方法和医生的手工操作结果进行比较,对相关分析法进行精确度评价和一致性检验,结果表明用相关分析法对心动周期进行自动检测有较高的精确度,可以代替医生的手工操作,并为后面的心肌轨迹追踪提供可靠的参数。2.建立了心肌运动轨迹追踪的二维动态规划模型。在传统的一维动态规划方法的基础上,加入心肌层之间的收缩特性。这个二维动态规划模型不但具有一维动态规划的全局最优性,减小了超声波信号中斑点和噪声的影响,同时也使轨迹的追踪结果更符合真实值。最后进行了模型评价,对临床上26组M型超声波心动图的数据进行了实验,分别为13个室间隔数据和13个左室后壁数据,分别用二维动态规划模型、一维的动态规划方法和医生的手工操作对这26组数据进行心肌运动轨迹追踪,追踪的起始点保持一致。用二维动态规划模型和有经验医生的手工操作结果进行对比,证明木文提出的方法具有较高的精确度,以及代替医生手工操作的能力,可以降低追踪误差,提高心血管疾病诊断的效率。又将二维动态规划模型和传统的一维动态规划方法进行对比,证明二维动态规划模型得出的心肌运动轨迹曲线的质量和精确度都比使用一维的动态规划方法要好。
[Abstract]:Heart disease is a common disease that endangers human health and the life of Willy patients. With the coming of aging population in China, the incidence of cardiovascular disease and the death toll are increasing year by year. The use of echocardiography has important reference value for the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. Ultrasonic diagnosis has the characteristics of simple operation, timely operation, low cost and so on. In the study of echocardiography, the track of heart motion has always been the focus of myocardial evaluation. Therefore, the key to the study of echocardiography is to study the method of track tracing of myocardial motion. Firstly, the ultrasonic signal is obtained by scanning the heart with M-mode ultrasound, and a series of changes of ultrasonic wave are carried out to obtain the instantaneous phase change of the signal. To calculate the instantaneous velocities of each sampling point on the myocardium, and track the motion of the myocardium using the instantaneous velocity model. The main research contents of this paper are as follows: 1. An automatic method of judging cardiac cycle based on M-mode ultrasound is proposed. According to the periodic rhythm of heart beat and the phase change of M-mode ultrasound at different times, A cardiac cycle was automatically judged by correlation analysis. The automatic judgement experiment of cardiac cycle was carried out on 13 cases of M-mode ultrasound data in clinic. The correlation analysis method was compared with the results of the doctor's manual operation. The accuracy evaluation and consistency test of correlation analysis method show that the automatic detection of cardiac cycle by correlation analysis method has high accuracy and can replace the manual operation of doctors. A two-dimensional dynamic programming model for myocardial track tracking is established. Based on the traditional one-dimensional dynamic programming method, the following parameters are provided. This two-dimensional dynamic programming model not only has the global optimality of one-dimensional dynamic programming, but also reduces the influence of speckle and noise in ultrasonic signal. At the same time, the tracking results were more consistent with the true value. Finally, the model was evaluated, and 26 groups of M-mode echocardiographic data were tested, which were 13 ventricular septal data and 13 left ventricular posterior wall data, respectively. Two dimensional dynamic programming model, one dimensional dynamic programming method and manual operation of doctors were used to track the myocardial motion trajectory of 26 groups of data. The starting point of tracking is the same. The comparison between the two-dimensional dynamic programming model and the manual operation results of experienced doctors proves that the method proposed in this paper has high accuracy and the ability to replace the manual operation of doctors. It can reduce the tracking error and improve the efficiency of cardiovascular disease diagnosis. The two-dimensional dynamic programming model is compared with the traditional one-dimensional dynamic programming method. It is proved that the quality and accuracy of the two dimensional dynamic programming model is better than that of one dimensional dynamic programming method.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R540.45;TB559

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