多级孔板水力空化装置的流体力学分析及优化

发布时间：2018-03-04 17:26

本文选题：水力空化　切入点：数值模拟　出处：《天津科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：空化具体是指在液体中的气体或者液体的空腔由于外场的作用,发生震荡的物理现象,经历空穴形成、发展、生长、收缩、溃灭的过程。空化这个现象本身是很复杂的,流体中的气泡在溃灭的时候就会产生瞬时的巨大的压强,会在气泡周围产生巨大的能量,此时流体还会有高速射流的现象。利用水力空化产生这些巨大的能量,在物理、化学、水处理等领域都是一个新的篇章。为了探索和研究多级孔板水力空化的空化机理,优化多级孔板水力空化装置的设计,寻找最优的参数设计,为将来多级孔板水力空化在工业等领域的应用提供理论的依据。本文采用CFD数值模拟方法,以单级孔板水力空化装置、二级孔板水力空化装置、三级孔板水力空化装置。其中装置里面的孔板设计有单孔孔板、双孔孔板、和三孔孔板。整体模拟的前处理软件选择使用GAMBIT软件,中间最为重要的求解计算和后处理选择使用FLUENT软件,通过对软件所得结果后期的分析得到多级孔板水力空化装置所需最佳参数。本文研究多级孔板水力空化装置的级数和级与级的孔板之间的距离的影响。首先进行的是单孔孔板研究,将一级孔板与二级孔板进行对比,得到当孔板级数为2的时候,二级孔板水力空化要比一级孔板水力空化程度高,能源利用率也高;在二级孔板水利空化中,两孔板距离60mm时,影响微弱,当两板间距为10mm时,整体相当于组合结构,在30mm时,可以达到空化较优状态;当使用双孔孔板,选择孔间距不同的两块板。最后得出当两孔之间的间距为8mm的时候比12mm的空化程度高;当时用三级孔板水力空化装置时,空化效果要比二级空化和一级空化强度高,作用面积大。
[Abstract]:Cavitation specifically refers to the physical phenomenon of oscillating in the cavity of a gas or liquid in a liquid due to the effect of the external field. It goes through the process of hole formation, development, growth, contraction, collapse. Cavitation itself is very complex. The bubble in the fluid produces a huge instantaneous pressure when it collapses, a huge amount of energy around the bubble, and a high velocity jet, which uses hydraulic cavitation to produce these huge energies, physically and chemically. The field of water treatment is a new chapter. In order to explore and study the mechanism of hydraulic cavitation, optimize the design of hydraulic cavitation device and find the best parameter design. This paper presents a theoretical basis for the application of hydraulic cavitation in industry and other fields in the future. In this paper, the CFD numerical simulation method is used to simulate the hydraulic cavitation of single hole plate, the hydraulic cavitation device of two-stage orifice plate, the hydraulic cavitation device of two-stage orifice plate, and so on. Hydraulic cavitation device for three-stage orifice plate. The hole plate in the device is designed with single hole plate, double hole plate, and three-hole plate. GAMBIT software is used in the preprocessing software of the whole simulation. The most important intermediate solution calculation and post-processing choice is to use FLUENT software, Through the analysis of the results obtained from the software, the optimum parameters of the hydraulic cavitation device for the multistage perforated plate are obtained. The influence of the series of the hydraulic cavitation device and the distance between the stage and the stage is studied in this paper. Is a single-hole plate study, Comparing the first hole plate with the second hole plate, the hydraulic cavitation degree of the second hole plate is higher than that of the first hole plate, and the energy efficiency is also high when the hole plate grade is 2. In the water conservancy cavitation of the second hole plate, the distance between the two orifice plates is 60mm, The influence is weak, when the distance between two plates is 10mm, the whole is equivalent to the composite structure, when 30mm, the cavitation is better; when the double hole plate is used, Two plates with different hole spacing are selected. Finally, when the spacing between the two holes is 8mm, the cavitation degree is higher than that of 12mm. At that time, the cavitation effect is higher than that of the second-order cavitation and first-order cavitation when the hydraulic cavitation device is used with the third-order hole plate. The area of action is large.
【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ021.1

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