基于振动的压电材料的能量采集特性分析

发布时间：2018-07-12 21:23

本文选题：能量采集 + 压电陶瓷　；参考：《湘潭大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：科技的发展带来了工业的巨大进步，同时也带来了环境的污染。车辆等交通工具的振动噪声、大型机械的工作噪声给人们带来了不舒适，严重影响了人们的健康。随着智能材料的研究与应用愈来愈广泛，压电材料和电流变材料，均有响应速度快、电控性能好、无电磁干扰的良好性能，在振动控制和减噪方面也引起了人们的重视。同时这些噪声作为振动能，也是一种再生的可利用能源。将空气中的振动能转化或收集并加以利用也成为科学家们的一个关注方向。压电材料将振动能转化成电能的功率虽然不高，但伴随着小功率器件的发展，功耗也不断降低，其在能量采集方面应用平台越来越多。本文研究了两种基于振动的压电材料的能量采集装置：d31式——悬臂梁型和d33式——圆柱型。在对两种类型压电振子有限元仿真的基础上，进行了能量采集装置的结构设计及实验分析。具体研究内容如下： 1、总结了压电能量采集研究技术的现状，，包括压电结构的研究、压电理论的研究、压电电路的设计，并推导了压电结构产生电压的一般表达式。 2、利用有限元分析软件ANSYS对悬臂型和圆柱型压电振子进行了静态分析和模态分析，获得了两种压电振子的固有频率和振型，并研究了压电振子尺寸对结构和发电性能的影响。 3、针对两种压电振子的振动形式分别为d31和d33，制作了两类不同的夹具体，从而组成了两种不同的压电能量采集装置，分别对它们的发电性能进行了实验性能测试。 4、对两种形式能量采集装置的应用分别进行了研究。利用d31式-悬臂梁型能量采集装置点亮二极管；利用d33式-圆柱型能量采集装置为电流变液供电，可以发现改变了电流变液结构，首次完成了压电材料为电流变材料供能的可视化实验验证。并设计了几种压电材料与电流变材料结合的自供能减振器。
[Abstract]:The development of science and technology has brought great progress in industry, and it also brings environmental pollution. The vibration and noise of vehicles such as vehicles, the working noise of large machinery bring discomfort to people and seriously affect people's health. As the research and application of intelligent materials become more and more extensive, the piezoelectric materials and electrorheological materials have response. High speed, good electrical control performance and good performance without electromagnetic interference have also attracted people's attention in vibration control and noise reduction.
At the same time, the noise, as a vibrational energy, is also a renewable energy. It is a concern for scientists to convert or collect and use the vibration energy in the air. The power of the piezoelectric material is not high, but with the development of small power devices, power consumption is also decreasing. There are more and more application platforms for quantity acquisition. In this paper, two kinds of energy acquisition devices for vibration based piezoelectric materials are studied: d31 - type - cantilever beam and d33 - cylindrical type. On the basis of the finite element simulation of two types of piezoelectric vibrators, the structure design and experimental analysis of the energy acquisition device are carried out. Below:
1, the current situation of piezoelectric energy acquisition research technology is summarized, including the research of piezoelectric structure, the research of piezoelectricity theory, the design of piezoelectric circuit, and the general expression of voltage in piezoelectric structure.
2, the static analysis and modal analysis of the cantilever and cylindrical piezoelectric vibrators are carried out by the finite element analysis software ANSYS. The natural frequencies and modes of the two kinds of piezoelectric vibrators are obtained, and the influence of the size of the piezoelectric vibrator on the structure and the power generation performance is also studied.
3, the vibration forms of the two kinds of piezoelectric vibrators are d31 and d33 respectively, and two different kinds of pinch concrete are made. Thus, two different piezoelectric energy acquisition devices are formed, and their performance test performance is tested respectively.
4, the application of the two types of energy acquisition devices is studied. Using the d31 - cantilever beam energy acquisition device, the light diode is lit and the d33 cylindrical energy acquisition device is used for the electrorheological fluid power supply. The structure of the electrorheological fluid can be changed and the visualization experiment of the piezoelectric material for the electrorheological material is completed for the first time. Several kinds of self powered shock absorbers combined with electrorheological materials are designed and verified.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB535

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