支持设计重用的知识组件构建方法研究

发布时间：2018-11-10 06:58

【摘要】：产品设计是产品开发过程中的创造性阶段，，其本质是一个基于既有知识产生新知识的过程。在产品设计领域，大约70%的设计工作为自适应设计和变型设计，新产品设计大约60%以上的工作都基于以往经验展开。因此，如何将已有的设计资源组织起来，当有新的任务需求时，通过完全重用或部分修改的方式开展设计成为提升产品设计效率和质量的关键问题。然而，目前设计重用领域的研究工作主要集中于对以往设计活动和设计资源的挖掘、表达、管理以及通用的设计重用服务两个方面，对设计过程重用的研究较少，设计重用方法自动化程度较低，无法将设计人员从大量重复性工作中解放出来。针对以上问题，本文提出了支持设计重用的知识组件方法，并对知识组件构建过程中的参数推理、求解器集成以及知识组件组合等关键技术进行了研究，具体研究内容如下：（1）针对现有设计重用方法的不足，提出了支持设计重用的知识组件方法，设计了知识组件的结构，对知识组件各组成部分以及相互之间的关联关系进行了详细的说明，在此基础上分析了知识组件的调用方式。通过实例证明了该方法可以实现设计知识自动服务于设计过程，大大减少设计人员的重复性劳动。（2）针对知识组件运行过程中，输入参数值的变化往往会引起许多非预期的负面影响，输入参数值的确定需要设计人员具备全面设计知识的问题，提出了基于因果模型的参数推理方法。首先分析了参数推理模型，在此基础上结合模型推理思想，提出了因果模型的定义。通过因果模型自动推理出有效的设计参数，并通过启发式搜索算法选择出需要的参数方案。（3）针对企业在求解器部署、维护、升级等方面成本较高，并且分布式求解器无法得到统一管理的问题，提出基于应用虚拟化的知识组件求解器集成方法。分析了知识组件运行中常用求解器的执行过程，在此基础上研究了基于应用虚拟化技术的求解器部署方式、流交付机制以及求解器服务器负载均衡机制。（4）针对知识组件封装层次低，无法有效支持多子任务设计过程中设计重用的问题，提出了面向设计任务的知识组件组合方法。首先基于知识组件的结构设计了知识组件组合框架，其次基于Flex实现了知识组件组合体的可视化建模，最后研究了知识组件组合体的执行方式并以实例验证了知识组件组合方法可以为多子任务设计过程中设计重用提供有效支持。（5）基于上述理论和方法，设计并开发了知识组件构建与执行系统。该系统实现了对知识组件组成元素、求解器、知识组件、知识组件组合体的综合管理，验证了通过知识组件实现设计重用的有效性。
[Abstract]:Product design is a creative stage in the process of product development, and its essence is a process of producing new knowledge based on existing knowledge. In the field of product design, about 70% of the design work is adaptive design and variant design, and more than 60% of the new product design work is based on previous experience. Therefore, how to organize the existing design resources, when there are new task requirements, design through the way of complete reuse or partial modification becomes the key problem to improve the efficiency and quality of product design. However, at present, the research work in the field of design reuse mainly focuses on the mining, expression, management and general design reuse services of the past design activities and design resources. Design reuse methods are less automated and can't liberate designers from a lot of repetitive work. Aiming at the above problems, this paper proposes a knowledge component method to support design reuse, and studies the key technologies such as parameter reasoning, solver integration and knowledge component composition in the process of building knowledge components. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) aiming at the shortcomings of the existing design reuse methods, a knowledge component method supporting design reuse is proposed, and the structure of the knowledge component is designed. In this paper, the components of knowledge component and the relation between them are explained in detail, and then the method of calling knowledge component is analyzed. It is proved by an example that the design knowledge can automatically serve the design process and greatly reduce the repetitive work of the designers. (2) in the process of knowledge component running, the change of input parameter value often causes many unexpected negative effects. The determination of input parameter value requires designer to have overall design knowledge. A parameter reasoning method based on causality model is proposed. First, the parametric reasoning model is analyzed, and the definition of causality model is put forward based on the thought of model reasoning. The effective design parameters are automatically inferred by causality model, and the required parameters are selected by heuristic search algorithm. (3) aiming at the problem that enterprises have high cost in the deployment, maintenance and upgrade of solver, and the distributed solver can not be managed uniformly, a knowledge component solver integration method based on application virtualization is proposed. Based on the analysis of the execution process of common solvers in the running of knowledge components, the deployment mode of solvers, the flow delivery mechanism and the load balancing mechanism of solver server based on application virtualization technology are studied. (4) aiming at the low level of knowledge component encapsulation, which can not effectively support design reuse in the process of multi-task design, a design task oriented knowledge component composition method is proposed. Firstly, the framework of knowledge component composition is designed based on the structure of knowledge component. Secondly, the visual modeling of knowledge component assembly is realized based on Flex. Finally, the execution mode of the knowledge component assembly is studied, and an example is given to verify that the knowledge component composition method can provide effective support for design reuse in the process of multi-task design. (5) based on the above theories and methods, a knowledge component construction and execution system is designed and developed. The system realizes the comprehensive management of the components of knowledge components, solvers, and knowledge component combinations, and verifies the effectiveness of reusing design through knowledge components.
【学位授予单位】：北京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB472

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