网络舆情视角下公共危机处置机制研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 13:04

本文关键词：网络舆情视角下公共危机处置机制研究　出处：《江西财经大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国正处于社会转型的特殊时期，社会现象比以往复杂，能够引发公共危机的因素也比以往更多。自1994年中国全面接入互联网至今，互联网在中国已经发展了19年，截至2012年12月底，中国网民数量达到5.64亿。随着互联网技术的发展，网络媒体作为新兴的“第四媒体”对社会和政府的影响越来越大。网络舆情对公共事件的作用日益显现，由网络舆情引发公共危机事件频次增多，时间跨度增长，地域范围增广。研究互联网空间的特性、网络舆情的特点，发现网络舆情引发公共危机的机理，对于防范公共危机事件的发生和正确处置公共危机事件具有重要意义。本文采用了比较研究法、案例分析法和文献分析法等研究方法进行写作，通过研究网络舆情特点，网络舆情引发公共危机的要素、原因、过程、后果，，以及政府在应对网络舆情的经验和不足，提出处置网络舆情基础上的公共危机的基本途径建议。本文第一部分主要介绍论文的选题背景，选题目的和意义，写作的思路和本文的创新之处。指出我国在应对公共危机时网络舆情运用能力稍显弱势的现状，因此，研究网络舆情在政府危机管理中的作用，并熟练地运用技巧来应对网络舆情引发的危机事件，对维护广大人民群众的利益、加强社会公共管理具有十分重要的意义。本文第二部分对网络舆情和公共危机的相关概念和本文运用的理论进行了阐述。在分析国内外对相关概念的阐释的基础上，对本文中所指网络舆情、公共危机的概念进行界定，并介绍了本文运用的相关理论：蝴蝶效应、沉默的螺旋理论和群体极化理论。第三部分通过对网络舆情引发公共危机的要素（刺激性事件、网民共同经验、网民、大众传播媒介）和后果（损害政府形象、降低政府公信力、削弱政府合法性）进行分析，纵向梳理网络舆情的孕育、扩散、爆发、衰减各阶段，对网络舆情的形成与发展过程进行路径分析。第四部分主要探讨了网络舆情影响公共危机产生、发展和解决的原因。从外因和内因两个方面进行了分析，分析了政府、公众、媒体三者在公共危机事件中扮演的角色，发挥的作用。第五部分探讨了如何在网络舆情基础上进行公共危机处置。从网络舆情引导的制度保障、提高应对公共危机的反应和决策效率、网络舆情监管机制建设、网络舆情引导和管理人才建设和公共危机信息沟通网络建设这五个方面来提出政府应对网络舆情基础上的公共危机的建议。本文的创新之处在于将网络舆情与公共危机间的相互作用关系较为立体地呈现出来，包含了从网络舆情孕育到公共危机的发生和解决这一整个过程。不足之处在于由于学识水平和精力有限，对于文中关于网络舆情监测、分析等技术问题的研究不够深入，公共危机管理实践经验不足，未能全面考虑其它因素和可能的情况，需要在以后的学习和研究中不断提高。
[Abstract]:Our country is in the special period of social transition, social phenomenon is more complex than ever, and the factors that can cause public crisis are more than before. The Internet has been developing in China for 19 years. By the end of December 2012, the number of Internet users in China had reached 564 million. With the development of Internet technology. As a new "4th media", network media has more and more influence on society and government. The effect of network public opinion on public events is becoming more and more obvious, and the frequency of public crisis events caused by network public opinion is increasing. Study the characteristics of Internet space, the characteristics of network public opinion, find the mechanism of public crisis caused by network public opinion. It is of great significance to prevent the occurrence of public crisis events and to deal with public crisis events correctly. This paper uses comparative research method, case analysis and literature analysis methods to write, through the study of the characteristics of network public opinion, network public opinion caused by public crisis elements, causes, processes, consequences. And the government's experience and deficiency in dealing with network public opinion, and put forward the basic ways to deal with the public crisis on the basis of network public opinion. The first part of this paper mainly introduces the background of the topic, the purpose and significance of the topic, the thinking of writing and the innovation of this paper. Therefore, the study of the role of network public opinion in government crisis management, and skilled use of skills to deal with the network public opinion triggered by the crisis events, to protect the interests of the broad masses of the people. It is of great significance to strengthen the social public administration. In the second part of this paper, the related concepts of network public opinion and public crisis and the theory used in this paper are expounded. On the basis of analyzing the explanation of related concepts at home and abroad, this paper refers to network public opinion. The concept of public crisis is defined, and the relevant theories used in this paper are introduced: butterfly effect, spiral theory of silence and group polarization theory. The third part through the network public opinion causes the public crisis essential factor (stimulative event, the netizen common experience, the netizen, the mass media) and the consequence (damages the government image, reduces the government credibility. Weaken the legitimacy of the government) analysis, vertical combing network public opinion gestation, diffusion, eruption, attenuation of each stage, the formation and development of network public opinion path analysis. Part 4th mainly discusses the influence of network public opinion on the emergence, development and solution of the public crisis. From the external and internal causes of the analysis, the analysis of the government, the public. The role of the media in public crisis events. Part 5th discusses how to deal with public crisis on the basis of network public opinion. From the system protection of network public opinion guidance, improve the response to public crisis and decision-making efficiency, network public opinion supervision mechanism construction. The network public opinion guides and manages the talented person construction and the public crisis information communication network construction these five aspects to put forward the government to deal with the public crisis on the basis of the network public opinion. The innovation of this paper is to show the interaction between network public opinion and public crisis in a stereoscopic way. It includes the whole process from network public opinion gestation to the occurrence and solution of public crisis. The deficiency lies in the limited learning level and energy for the monitoring of network public opinion in this paper. The research of technical problems such as analysis is not deep enough, the practical experience of public crisis management is not enough, and other factors and possible conditions are not fully considered, so it is necessary to improve continuously in the future study and research.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D63

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