湘江流域水权交接生态补偿机制研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 02:32

本文选题：湘江流域　切入点：水权交接　出处：《湖南农业大学》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水是生态环境的重要组分,是人类生存与发展不可缺少的生态资源。在“21世纪城市水资源国际学术研讨会”上,联合国就把中国列为世界上13个最缺水的国家之一。如何有效保护和高效利用水资源已成为全球性的时代课题。论文以湘江流域水资源保护和高效利用为目标,设计与构建水权交接生态补偿机制,借助行政权威和市场效率解决湘江流域的污染与治理问题而导致的各种矛盾。促进湘江流域产业结构调整和加快“经济升级版”进程,为湘江流域综合治理提供参考建议。湘江流域治理效果不佳的根本原因是“行政外部性”和“经济外部性”叠加而造成“治理失灵”,要解决这两个“外部性”,从行政路线解决水权交接问题,从经济路线解决生态补偿问题,建立水权交接生态补偿机制,是湘江流域治理的理想选择。生态正义是生态补偿的逻辑目标,即人类损坏的生态环境要得到恢复,所以生态补偿的主体是人,客体是生态环境。水权交接是对水资源作为公共物品的政府干预与公共管理,更高效解决代内利益、代内与代际之间利益的博弈。生态补偿是对湘江水资源作为经济资源的成本与收益,在各行政区找到均衡点,达成水资源的公平而高效利用。因此,论文的理论基础是生态正义思想、生态补偿理论与水权交接理论。湘江流域在湖南省有着最重要的战略地位,在水资源开发利用和生态补偿中还存在不少问题。在界定水权交接生态补偿的主客体的基础上,针对湘江特点分析水权补偿标准的指标体系、交接点的选择、补偿路线和补偿方式的协调。改良了湘江流域水足迹计量模型,以验证和评估湘江流域水权交接生态补偿机制的有效性。在此基础上提出湘江流域水权交接生态补偿机制的配套管理应着重落实水权交接点管理、生态补偿专项资金管理,强化法制措施和成立湖南湘江流域管理局统一管理。基于以上研究,得出四个基本结论：(1)湘江流域以行政区划为单元进行综合治理,建立水权交接生态补偿机制是理想选择；(2)湘江流域水权生态补偿标准不能完全市场化；(3)水权交接生态补偿机制具有一定的推广适用性；(4)水权交接生态补偿机制是一条生态河流综合治理的发展方向。基于以上结论,本研究的最大价值与创新在于构建了湘江流域水权交接生态补偿机制,这同时也是对中国道路理论的开拓创新。
[Abstract]:Water is an important component of ecological environment and an indispensable ecological resource for human survival and development. The United Nations has listed China as one of the 13 most water-scarce countries in the world. How to effectively protect and utilize water resources has become a global topic of the times. To design and construct the ecological compensation mechanism of water right transfer, to solve all kinds of contradictions caused by the pollution and treatment problems in Xiangjiang River Basin with the aid of administrative authority and market efficiency, to promote the adjustment of the industrial structure of Xiangjiang River Basin and to speed up the process of "Economic upgrading Edition". To provide reference suggestions for comprehensive management of Xiangjiang River Basin. The fundamental reason for the poor effect of Xiangjiang River Basin management is that the combination of "administrative externality" and "economic externality" results in "governance failure". We should solve these two "externalities" and solve the water rights transfer problem from the administrative route. It is an ideal choice for Xiangjiang river basin to solve the ecological compensation problem from the economic route and establish the ecological compensation mechanism of water right transfer. Ecological justice is the logical goal of ecological compensation, that is, the ecological environment damaged by human beings should be restored, so the main body of ecological compensation is human. The object is the ecological environment. The water right transfer is the government intervention and public management of water resources as public goods, so as to solve the intra-generation interests more efficiently. Ecological compensation is to the cost and benefit of water resources as economic resources in Xiangjiang River, to find the equilibrium point in each administrative region, and to achieve the fair and efficient utilization of water resources. The theoretical basis of the paper is the ecological justice theory, ecological compensation theory and water rights theory. Xiangjiang River Basin has the most important strategic position in Hunan Province, and there are still many problems in the exploitation and utilization of water resources and ecological compensation. According to the characteristics of Xiangjiang River, the index system of water right compensation standard, the choice of junction point, the coordination of compensation route and compensation method are analyzed, and the water footprint measurement model of Xiangjiang river basin is improved. In order to verify and evaluate the effectiveness of ecological compensation mechanism for water right transfer in Xiangjiang river basin, the paper puts forward that the supporting management of ecological compensation mechanism for water right transfer in Xiangjiang river basin should focus on the management of water right junction point and special fund management for ecological compensation. Strengthen legal measures and establish a unified management of Hunan Xiangjiang River Basin Administration. Based on the above study, we draw four basic conclusions: 1) Comprehensive management of the Xiangjiang River basin is based on administrative divisions. It is an ideal choice to establish ecological compensation mechanism for water right transfer. 2) the ecological compensation standard of water right in Xiangjiang river basin can not be completely marketized. 3) the ecological compensation mechanism of water right transfer has certain popularization applicability and the ecological compensation mechanism of water right transfer is as follows:. The development direction of an ecological river comprehensive management. Based on the above conclusion, The greatest value and innovation of this study lies in the construction of ecological compensation mechanism of water right transfer in Xiangjiang river basin, which is also a pioneering innovation of Chinese road theory.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV213.4

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