城市建设用地的取得方式研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 03:41

本文选题：土地征收 + 城市建设用地　；参考：《河北农业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来，我国城市不断扩张，城市化、工业化进程迅猛发展，城市建设对于土地的需求呈不断增加的趋势。然而在城市建设用地的原始取得上，，我国一直采用的都是土地征收的方式。通过土地征收，把农村集体土地转化为国有建设用地，进而分配给各个用地单位进行城市建设。城市建设用地不仅包括行政办公用地、基础设施用地等一系列纯公益性用地和准公益性用地，同时还包括商业服务业用地、工业用地等一系列非公益性用地。我国的土地管理法规定，只有出于“公共利益”目的才能行使征地权。一切城市新增用地通过土地征收来获得，导致了很多社会问题出现。如果不能进一步完善我国的征地制度，不能为城市建设对于土地的需求找到出口，就会阻碍城市的发展，社会稳定也会受到威胁。因此，研究城市建设用地的取得方式具有重要的现实意义。本文以地价理论、地租理论、土地产权理论和制度变迁理论为指导，以城市建设用地为研究对象，从城市建设用地的分类入手，分析城市建设用地的用地性质，从城市建设用地的供给现状出发，分析我国在城市建设用地取得和土地征收中存在的特点和问题，进而根据问题研究不同用地性质的城市建设用地的取得方式。通过研究，本文得出以下结论：（1）城市建设用地按照用地性质分为三类：一类为纯公益性城市建设用地，包括公共管理与公共服务用地中的行政办公用地、外事用地、军事国防用地、教育科研用地中的公立中小学用地，公用设施用地中的排水、供电、供热和供气用地，绿地中的防护绿地和公共广场，以及道路与交通设施用地中的街巷用地、公路用地；一类为准公益性城市建设用地，包括居住用地中的经济适用住房和廉租住房，公共管理与公共服务用地中的其他教育科研用地、体育用地、医疗卫生用地等，公用设施用地中的邮政、电信、环卫消防用地，绿地中的公园绿地，道路与交通设施用地中的铁路用地、高速公路用地、机场用地、港口码头用地和管道运输用地；一类为非公益性城市建设用地，包括居住用地中的普通商品房用地、高档住宅，商业服务业用地、工业用地和物流仓储用地。（2）不同用地性质的城市建设用地采取不同的方式取得：纯公益性城市建设用地根据土地管理法通过土地征收取得；非公益性城市建设用地作为经济行为中的一种特殊生产要素，应该和其他商品一样，通过土地市场取得；准公益性城市建设用地介于纯公益性和非公益性城市建设用地之间，通过土地市场取得的前提下，要对土地发展权权益在政府和农民之间进行分配和共享。通过对城市建设用地的取得方式进行可行性分析，针对其中存在的问题提出了相应的对策建议，为完善我国的征地制度和建立健全我国的土地市场提供了思路，具有一定的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's urban expansion, urbanization, the rapid development of industrialization process, urban construction of the demand for land has been increasing. However, in the original acquisition of urban construction land, our country has been using the way of land expropriation. Through land expropriation, the rural collective land is converted into state-owned construction land, and then allocated to various land units for urban construction. Urban construction land not only includes a series of pure public welfare land and quasi-public welfare land, such as administrative office land, infrastructure land and so on, but also includes a series of non-public welfare land, such as commercial service land, industrial land and so on. The land management law of our country stipulates that only for the purpose of public interest can land expropriation be exercised. All new urban land is acquired through land expropriation, resulting in a lot of social problems. If the land expropriation system of our country can not be further improved and the demand for land for urban construction can not be found, the development of the city will be hindered and the social stability will be threatened. Therefore, the study of urban construction land acquisition has an important practical significance. Under the guidance of land price theory, land rent theory, land property right theory and system change theory, and taking urban construction land as the research object, this paper starts with the classification of urban construction land, and analyzes the nature of urban construction land. Based on the present situation of urban construction land supply, this paper analyzes the characteristics and problems existing in the acquisition and expropriation of urban construction land in China, and then studies the ways of obtaining urban construction land of different nature according to the problems. Through the research, this paper draws the following conclusions: Urban construction land is divided into three categories according to the nature of land use: one is purely public welfare urban construction land, including administrative office land in public administration and public service land, foreign affairs land and military national defense land, Land for public primary and secondary schools in land for education and scientific research, land for drainage, power supply, heating and gas supply in land for public facilities, protected green space and public square in green space, and land for streets and lanes in land for roads and transportation facilities, and land for roads; Land for quasi-public welfare urban construction, including affordable housing and low-rent housing in residential land, other sites for education and scientific research in land for public administration and public services, land for sports, land for medical and health care, etc. Postal, telecommunications, sanitation and fire protection land in public facilities, park green land in green space, railway land in road and transportation facilities, highway land, airport land, port and wharf land and pipeline transportation land; One is non-public welfare urban construction land, including residential land of ordinary commercial housing land, high-grade residential land, commercial services land, industrial land and logistics storage land. (2) the urban construction land of different land uses is obtained in different ways: pure public welfare urban construction land is acquired through land expropriation according to the land management law, and non-public urban construction land is regarded as a special production factor in economic behavior, As with other commodities, they should be obtained through the land market; the quasi-public construction land for urban construction lies between the pure public welfare and non-public welfare urban construction land, and under the premise of obtaining through the land market, The rights and interests of land development rights should be distributed and shared between the government and farmers. Based on the feasibility analysis of the way of obtaining urban construction land, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward in view of the existing problems, which provide the train of thought for perfecting the land requisition system and establishing and perfecting the land market of our country. Has certain reference significance.
【学位授予单位】：河北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F301.2

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