“整体型政府”的新趋势及对我国行政改革的启示
发布时间：2018-08-11 13:44
【摘要】：在20世纪70年代，大多数西方国家的公共管理面临着财政、信任等多重危机，为摆脱传统官僚制的弊端，西方国家掀起了新一轮的政府改革实践，主张将竞争机制、企业管理方法引入政府管理中，即新公共管理运动。但是伴随着信息社会的发展，公共事务的复杂化增加，政府改革向深层次推进，新公共管理运动对部门机构的合作与协调的忽视，致使政府管理出现“碎片化”现象，部门内部、部门之间以及政府部门与第三部门之间的合作变得困难。因此，，重新定位政府的职能和权限，以及各方之间的合作和协调成为了政府改革的新议题。20世纪90年代，在大部制改革背景下，布莱尔政府发起了以“整合”和“协调”为主要特征的“整体型政府”改革。美国、澳大利亚等国家根据本国实际情况相继进行了“整体型政府”改革。“整体型政府”改革是对新公共管理改革的一种反思、修正与超越，成为全球化背景下各国政府再造的新趋势。 我国在党的十七大报告中明确指出：要“加大机构整合力度，探索实行职能有机统一的大部门体制，健全部门间协调配合机制”。在中央和地方政府进行大部门体制改革探索的同时加强部门之间的合作与协调，大部制改革与“整体型政府”改革有一定程度的契合性。因此，本文试图对“整体型政府”理论与改革实践加以梳理和总结，并结合我国政府改革的实践，总结出可供我国借鉴的经验。 本文共有三部分。第一部分主要是通过相关概念的辨析，概括“整体型政府”的含义及内容；第二部分主要是通过介绍英国、美国、澳大利亚等西方国家的政府改革概况，总结西方国家“整体型政府”改革的共同经验；第三部分主要是结合西方国家“整体型政府”改革经验，分析当前我国行政管理改革中存在的问题，从组织机构设置、政府职能、行政文化以及组织行为四个方面介绍了对我国政府改革的启示。
[Abstract]:In the 1970s, the public management of most western countries was facing many crises, such as finance, trust and so on. In order to get rid of the malpractice of traditional bureaucracy, western countries set off a new round of government reform practice and advocated the competition mechanism. The enterprise management method is introduced into the government management, namely the new public management movement. However, with the development of the information society, the complexity of public affairs increases, the government reform advances to a deeper level, and the new public management movement neglects the cooperation and coordination of the departments and agencies, which leads to the phenomenon of "fragmentation" of government management. Cooperation within departments, between departments and between government departments and the third sector becomes difficult. Therefore, repositioning the functions and powers of the government, as well as cooperation and coordination among the parties, has become a new topic for government reform in the 1990s. Blair government initiated the reform of integrated government with integration and coordination as its main features. The United States, Australia and other countries according to their actual conditions have carried out a "holistic government" reform. The reform of "holistic government" is a kind of introspection, revision and transcendence to the reform of new public management, which becomes a new trend of government reengineering under the background of globalization. In the report of the Seventeenth National Congress of the CPC, our country clearly pointed out: "to strengthen the integration of institutions, to explore the implementation of a large department system with organic unity of functions, and to perfect the coordination and coordination mechanism among departments". At the same time, the cooperation and coordination between the departments should be strengthened while the central and local governments are engaged in the reform of the large departments. There is a certain degree of agreement between the reform of the large department system and the reform of the "holistic government". Therefore, this paper attempts to comb and summarize the theory and practice of "holistic government", and combine the practice of government reform in our country to sum up the experience that can be used for reference by our country. There are three parts in this paper. The first part is to generalize the meaning and content of "holistic government" by discriminating the relevant concepts, and the second part is to introduce the general situation of government reform in the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia and other western countries. Summing up the common experience of the reform of "holistic government" in western countries, the third part is to analyze the problems existing in the current administrative reform of our country, and to set up the organization and organization, combining with the experience of the reform of "holistic government" in western countries. Four aspects of government function, administrative culture and organizational behavior are introduced.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D630
本文编号：2177161
[Abstract]:In the 1970s, the public management of most western countries was facing many crises, such as finance, trust and so on. In order to get rid of the malpractice of traditional bureaucracy, western countries set off a new round of government reform practice and advocated the competition mechanism. The enterprise management method is introduced into the government management, namely the new public management movement. However, with the development of the information society, the complexity of public affairs increases, the government reform advances to a deeper level, and the new public management movement neglects the cooperation and coordination of the departments and agencies, which leads to the phenomenon of "fragmentation" of government management. Cooperation within departments, between departments and between government departments and the third sector becomes difficult. Therefore, repositioning the functions and powers of the government, as well as cooperation and coordination among the parties, has become a new topic for government reform in the 1990s. Blair government initiated the reform of integrated government with integration and coordination as its main features. The United States, Australia and other countries according to their actual conditions have carried out a "holistic government" reform. The reform of "holistic government" is a kind of introspection, revision and transcendence to the reform of new public management, which becomes a new trend of government reengineering under the background of globalization. In the report of the Seventeenth National Congress of the CPC, our country clearly pointed out: "to strengthen the integration of institutions, to explore the implementation of a large department system with organic unity of functions, and to perfect the coordination and coordination mechanism among departments". At the same time, the cooperation and coordination between the departments should be strengthened while the central and local governments are engaged in the reform of the large departments. There is a certain degree of agreement between the reform of the large department system and the reform of the "holistic government". Therefore, this paper attempts to comb and summarize the theory and practice of "holistic government", and combine the practice of government reform in our country to sum up the experience that can be used for reference by our country. There are three parts in this paper. The first part is to generalize the meaning and content of "holistic government" by discriminating the relevant concepts, and the second part is to introduce the general situation of government reform in the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia and other western countries. Summing up the common experience of the reform of "holistic government" in western countries, the third part is to analyze the problems existing in the current administrative reform of our country, and to set up the organization and organization, combining with the experience of the reform of "holistic government" in western countries. Four aspects of government function, administrative culture and organizational behavior are introduced.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D630
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