集体所有、村委管理与村民的行政诉讼原告资格——兼论“村”的公法人地位

发布时间：2018-10-29 19:12

【摘要】：村民是否有资格对村委会的集体财产处分行为提起诉讼,是当下我国村民自治实践中急待解决的法律问题。在实证法没有明文规定的背景下,法院都把集体财产处分纠纷作为民事案件处理,但对村民的原告资格问题却给出了两种相互矛盾的回答。而且,不管法院是肯定还是否定村民的原告资格,都分别隐含了把集体财产等同于村民共有财产,或者把"村"定性为私法人的理论错误,充分暴露了村民原告资格在民事诉讼制度框架下的解释困境。实际上,对依据法律和政府行为设立并承担大量公共管理职能的"村",我们只有把它定性为大陆法国家行政法上的公法人才是准确的。一旦恢复"村"的公法人面貌和地位,把村委会处分集体财产纠纷纳入行政诉讼,集体财产的均等分配性特征使村民个人和集体财产之间构成"法律上利害关系",每个村民对集体财产处分行为就都具有行政诉讼原告资格。
[Abstract]:Whether the villagers are qualified to sue the collective property disposition of the village committee is the urgent legal problem in the practice of villager autonomy in our country. Under the background that there is no explicit stipulation in the empirical law, the court takes the collective property disposition dispute as the civil case, but gives two kinds of contradictory answers to the villager's plaintiff qualification question. Moreover, whether the court affirmed or denied the plaintiff's qualification of villagers, it implied the theoretical error of equating collective property with villagers' common property, or characterizing "village" as a private person. Fully exposed the villager plaintiff qualification in the civil litigation system under the framework of interpretation difficulties. As a matter of fact, it is only accurate to characterize the village as a public law talent in the administrative law of France on the mainland, which is established according to the law and government action and which assumes a large number of public administration functions. Once the appearance and status of the public legal person of the village is restored and the dispute over the disposition of collective property by the village committee is brought into the administrative proceedings, the equal distribution of the collective property makes it a "legal interest" between the individual and the collective property of the villagers. Each villager to collective property disposition behavior all has the administrative lawsuit plaintiff qualification.
【作者单位】：浙江师范大学法政学院;
【基金】：作者主持的司法部国家法治与法学理论研究项目“村民民主决策权的司法救济机制研究——和谐新农村建设的制度保障”(批准号:08SFB3010)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D922.29

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