我国沿海发达地区产业集群转型升级动力机制及其路径的比较研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 14:50

  本文选题：产业集群　切入点：人力资本　出处：《暨南大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：产业集群问题具有典型的跨学科研究性质,产业经济学、经济地理学、管理学、经济社会学等众多学科都从自身的角度,运用相关的理论和方法对其展开研究。论文以要素禀赋和社会要素为二维视角,把沿海发达地区产业集群划分为内生传统、外生传统、内生高科技、外生高科技四种不同类型的产业集群。论文建立要素禀赋、社会要素和产业集群转型升级三者相互作用的分析框架,其中要素禀赋结构是转型升级的基础和必要条件,社会要素“嵌入”适宜度是影响转型升级的重要因素。在转型升级中,要素禀赋结构会针对经济环境的改变迅速做出适应性调整,而社会要素的改变具有一定的时滞性、渐近性和长期性。论文以社会要素滞后于要素禀赋变化为理论假设,认为不同集群和集群的不同阶段,都应该选择转型升级的适配性路径。在不同集群及各自发展阶段,对应于不同的人力资本类型。转型升级需要扬弃粘性过强的社会资本对专业人力资本的“屏蔽”,以开放性促进企业家人力资本的创新创业。在金融体制不成熟时,社会资本能起到对软性基础设施(例如法律和信用体系)的部分替代作用。但是社会资本的影响具有双重性,当产业集群发展到依靠创新驱动来实现转型升级的阶段,需要借助多元化的金融结构,例如供应链金融和互联网金融等新业态,以支持产业集群转型升级。身处转型期的产业集群,以“关系”为基础的嵌入过程与以“契约”为核心的制度环境将产生协同效应,推进企业的技术创新。封闭的社会网络和人格化的交易机制在产业集群的发展和成长初期(初级集群阶段)起着正向作用。但是,对于产业集群的转型升级或高级集群来说,开放的、非人格化的、全球化的网络和治理机制将变得必不可少。在全球化和信息革命时代,社会资本的载体和形态将发生变化,人际信任转化为制度信任,关系型社会资本转化为制度型社会资本,封闭或半封闭的社会网络可以延伸为开放的虚拟网络(互联网),以适应新兴产业的发展要求,并助力产业集群转型升级的实现。内生型产业集群由于社会资本变化的滞后性和渐进性,基于本地化的改良式转型升级是其路径选择;外生型产业集群需要通过提升根植性、产业转移和人为复制产业社区,破解“业缘”社会关系的专用性,实现转型升级。传统产业集群可借助全球化的高端要素的“嵌入”实现转型升级;高科技产业集群需要在开放、创新的氛围和本地化进行协同,采取“激进式创新”方式实现转型升级。“互联网+”下传统产业集群转型升级是新旧业态的融合、提升和改造的过程。
[Abstract]:The problem of industrial cluster has a typical interdisciplinary nature. Many disciplines, such as industrial economics, economic geography, management, economic sociology and so on, are from their own perspective. In this paper, the industrial clusters in the developed coastal areas are divided into endogenous tradition, exogenous tradition and endogenous high technology from the perspective of factor endowment and social factors. This paper establishes an analytical framework of the interaction of factor endowment, social elements and industrial cluster transformation and upgrading, in which the structure of factor endowment is the basis and necessary condition of transformation and upgrading. The suitability degree of "embedding" of social elements is an important factor influencing the transformation and upgrading. In the process of transformation and upgrading, factor endowment structure can adjust adaptively to the change of economic environment quickly, and the change of social factor has a certain time delay. Asymptotic and long-term. Based on the hypothesis that social factors lag behind the change of factor endowment, the thesis holds that different clusters and different stages of clusters should choose the adaptive path of transformation and upgrading. Corresponding to different types of human capital, the transformation and upgrading need to discard the "shield" of the social capital which is too sticky to the professional human capital, so as to promote the innovation of entrepreneur's human capital in an open way. When the financial system is not mature, Social capital can partly substitute for soft infrastructure (such as legal and credit systems). But the impact of social capital is dualistic, when industrial clusters develop to the stage of innovation driven to achieve transformation and upgrading. Need to use diversified financial structures, such as supply chain finance and Internet finance, to support the transformation and upgrading of industrial clusters. The embedding process based on "relationship" and the institutional environment with "contract" as the core will produce synergistic effect. The closed social network and the personal transaction mechanism play a positive role in the development and growth of industrial clusters (primary cluster stage). However, for the transformation and upgrading of industrial clusters or high-level clusters, Open, depersonalized, globalized networks and governance mechanisms will become essential. In the era of globalization and the information revolution, the carrier and form of social capital will change, and interpersonal trust will be transformed into institutional trust. Relational social capital is transformed into institutional social capital. Closed or semi-closed social network can be extended to open virtual network (Internet) to meet the requirements of the development of new industries. It also helps to realize the transformation and upgrading of industrial clusters. Due to the lagging and gradual nature of social capital changes, the localization based improved transformation and upgrading is the path choice of endogenous industrial clusters. Industrial transfer and artificial copying of industrial communities, break the specificity of "industry" social relations, achieve transformation and upgrading. Traditional industrial clusters can achieve transformation and upgrading with the help of the "embedding" of the high-end elements of globalization; High-tech industrial clusters need to cooperate with each other in the atmosphere of opening up, innovation and localization, and adopt "radical innovation" to realize transformation and upgrading. The transformation and upgrading of traditional industrial clusters under "Internet" is a fusion of new and old forms of industry. The process of upgrading and upgrading.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F127
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本文编号：1570696