采购绩效的评价及其受个体行为影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 09:51

本文选题：采购绩效评价　切入点：DEA　出处：《南京大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为企业日常生活及供应链管理中非常重要的一部分,采购已经成为企业关注的重中之重。同时,经过长期的实践,采购活动也已经展现出对企业绩效的巨大影响力和贡献度。因此,随着采购的战略影响力的不断扩大,对采购绩效的评价、采购绩效的影响因素等采购相关课题的研究变得越来越重要,也成为了学术界的一个研究热点。在此背景下,本文在已有相关研究的基础上,重点对采购绩效的评价以及采购个体行为对采购绩效的影响进行相关的探索研究,以便帮助企业更科学有效地考核员工绩效与引导员工行为,同时为企业提供良好的采购管理建议,以帮助企业获得良好的采购绩效。首先,本文在界定了绩效、采购绩效、采购绩效评价等基本概念的内涵的基础上,结合已有的相关研究成果,从横向和纵向两个角度分别设计了采购绩效评价的投入与产出指标体系,并以DEA为工具创建了横向与纵向结合的采购绩效评价模型,同时结合实际案例对DEA评价模型进行了实证应用分析,探索并验证了采购绩效的DEA评价模型的科学性与有效性。经研究分析可知,基于DEA的采购绩效评价可以使企业对采购绩效的评价更加客观、全面、科学,同时可以为企业提供大量有效的管理信息。其次,在上述研究的基础上,本文利用DEA有效数据,采用DEA回归的方法,拟合得到了绩效评价案例的具有多投入与多产出的采购绩效前沿面生产函数。通过此生产函数,可以分析得到采购绩效主要的产出要素与投入影响要素,同时可以得到各个要素相互影响的灵敏度情况。经过综合分析可知,本文所得采购绩效前沿面生产函数,能够较好地反映实践中采购绩效的投入与产出的关系,能够合理地描述有效采购绩效的产生与变化情况,具有良好的理论与实践意义。最后,在对采购行为进行科学分析与分类的基础上,本文分别基于DEA横向绩效评价与纵向动态仿真的角度,利用NetLogo计算实验平台进行了采购行为对采购绩效影响的仿真实验研究,通过多组仿真实验分析了各类典型采购个体行为对采购绩效的影响情况,并最终得到了采购行为对采购绩效影响的总体结论。仿真结果显示,学习行为等积极的采购行为对采购绩效具有积极的作用,可以提升采购绩效的水平,而以过度自信行为与徇私受贿行为为代表的灰色采购行为,对采购绩效有消极的影响,会降低采购绩效的水平。最后,基于仿真结论,本文从加强采购人员的招聘与培训工作、建立良好的采购监管与绩效评价制度、建立差异化的薪酬制度与合理的淘汰制度等三个方面为企业提供了管理建议。
[Abstract]:As a very important part of daily life and supply chain management, purchasing has become the most important concern of enterprises. At the same time, after a long period of practice, Procurement activities have also shown great influence and contribution to enterprise performance. Therefore, as the strategic impact of procurement continues to expand, the evaluation of procurement performance, The research on procurement related issues such as the factors influencing procurement performance has become more and more important and has become a hot topic in academic circles. This paper focuses on the evaluation of procurement performance and the impact of individual purchasing behavior on procurement performance, in order to help enterprises assess employee performance more scientifically and effectively and guide employee behavior. At the same time, it provides good procurement management advice to enterprises to help them obtain good procurement performance. Firstly, this paper defines the connotation of the basic concepts of performance, procurement performance, procurement performance evaluation and so on. Combining with the existing research results, this paper designs the input and output index system of procurement performance evaluation from both horizontal and vertical angles, and establishes a horizontal and vertical procurement performance evaluation model with DEA as a tool. At the same time, the empirical application analysis of DEA evaluation model combined with practical cases is carried out to explore and verify the scientificity and validity of the DEA evaluation model of procurement performance. The evaluation of purchasing performance based on DEA can make the evaluation of purchasing performance more objective, comprehensive and scientific, at the same time, it can provide a large amount of effective management information for enterprises. Secondly, based on the above research, this paper makes use of the effective data of DEA. By using DEA regression method, the production function of purchasing performance frontier with multi-input and multi-output is obtained by fitting the case of performance evaluation. Through this production function, the main output factors and input influencing factors of procurement performance can be analyzed. At the same time, the sensitivity of each factor can be obtained. Through the comprehensive analysis, we can get the production function of the front line of purchasing performance, which can better reflect the relationship between the input and output of purchasing performance in practice. It has good theoretical and practical significance to describe the emergence and change of effective purchasing performance reasonably. Finally, on the basis of scientific analysis and classification of purchasing behavior, Based on the horizontal performance evaluation and longitudinal dynamic simulation of DEA, this paper studies the effect of purchasing behavior on procurement performance using NetLogo computing experimental platform. This paper analyzes the influence of various typical individual purchasing behaviors on procurement performance through multi-group simulation experiments, and finally obtains the overall conclusion that procurement behavior affects procurement performance. The simulation results show that, The positive purchasing behavior such as learning behavior has a positive effect on procurement performance, which can improve the level of procurement performance, while the grey purchasing behavior represented by overconfidence and favoritism and bribery has a negative impact on procurement performance. Finally, based on the simulation conclusion, this paper establishes a good procurement supervision and performance evaluation system by strengthening the recruitment and training of procurement staff. The establishment of differentiated compensation system and reasonable elimination system provide management suggestions for enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F274

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