公平关切下供应链产能分配研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 04:18

本文选题：供应链管理 + 公平关切　；参考：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：互联网时代下,信息传播速度快、影响范围广,产品选择繁多。消费者偏好变化加快,供应链需求的不确定性大大增加。需求的不确定性,可能引发短期内产品供给小于需求的情况,如出现“明星”电子产品等。一般地,短期内产能是有限的,产品价格是稳定的。供应商权衡加大投入以扩大产能的利弊,如果保持现有产能是理智的,则要求供应商选择合理的产能分配方式。因此,研究供应商如何确定分配方式实现自身利润最大化,及如何优化分配方式促进供应链成员的合作是有意义的。传统供应链研究假设决策成员是完全理性的。然而,大量实证研究表明,现实中成员是有限理性的。近年来,越来越多的学者探讨公平关切、损失厌恶、风险偏好等有限理性行为对供应链决策的影响。实证研究表明,公平关切是影响供应链成员决策的重要因素。本文基于已有研究,在零售商公平关切下考虑供应商产能分配问题。假设供应链由一个供应商和两个零售商组成,零售商属于不同市场,市场规模不同且有一定替代性。建立优化模型,分析纳什公平、利润公平、效率公平及缺货公平下的供应链运作。研究内容大致分为以下三部分：第一部分,公平中性下比较不同产能分配方式,即本文第二章。分别考虑比例分配、字典分配及历史分配方式,供应链成员仅追求利润最大化。在报童模型基础上,考虑产能约束,比较不同分配方式下的订货量、批发价及供应链成员利润。结果表明,三种分配方式中,历史分配法下供应链总利润最高。第二部分,分析公平关切下无产能约束的供应链运作,即本文第三章。分别将纳什公平、效率公平及利润公平引入零售商决策,构造数学模型,分析公平关切对供应链效率的影响,结果显示,不同公平框架下都出现订货量减小,供应链效率降低的情况。但是,不同的公平关切对供应链影响程度不同。第三部分,将零售商公平关切引入到历史法分配产能问题中,即本文第四章。在产能约束背景下,重新考虑第二部分中阐述的三种公平关切对供应链决策的作用。此外,建立优化模型,分析零售商缺货公平对供应商利润的影响。研究表明,相比无产能约束的情况,相同类型公平关切对产能约束供应链影响也可能不同。而且,零售商公平关切并不能改变批发价不能协调产能约束供应链的现状。本文在传统供应链研究的基础上,将零售商公平关切引入产能分配研究,丰富了公平关切下供应链运作研究的内容,为供应商优化产能分配方式提出建议。
[Abstract]:Under the Internet age, the information dissemination speed is fast, the influence scope is wide, the product choice is various. The change of consumer preference accelerates and the uncertainty of supply chain demand increases greatly. The uncertainty of demand may lead to short-term product supply smaller than demand, such as the emergence of "star" electronic products. In general, short-term capacity is limited, product prices are stable. Suppliers weigh the advantages and disadvantages of increasing investment to expand capacity, and if it is sensible to maintain existing capacity, suppliers are required to choose a reasonable allocation of capacity. Therefore, it is meaningful to study how the supplier determines the distribution way to maximize its profit and how to optimize the distribution method to promote the cooperation of supply chain members. Traditional supply chain studies assume that decision-makers are completely rational. However, a large number of empirical studies show that members in reality are bounded rational. In recent years, more and more scholars have explored the influence of limited rational behaviors such as fair concern, loss aversion, risk preference on supply chain decision-making. Empirical studies show that equity concerns are important factors that affect supply chain members' decision-making. Based on the existing research, this paper considers the supplier capacity allocation under the concern of retailer fairness. Suppose the supply chain is composed of one supplier and two retailers, retailers belong to different markets, the market size is different and there are some substitutions. The optimization model is established to analyze the supply chain operation under Nash fairness, profit fairness, efficiency fairness and stock shortage fairness. The research content is divided into the following three parts: the first part, the fair neutral comparison of different production allocation, that is, the second chapter of this paper. Considering proportional distribution, dictionary allocation and historical distribution, supply chain members only pursue profit maximization. On the basis of newsboy model, considering capacity constraints, the order quantity, wholesale price and supply chain member profit under different distribution modes are compared. The results show that the total profit of supply chain is the highest under the historical distribution method. In the second part, the author analyzes the supply chain operation without capacity constraint under the concern of fairness, that is, the third chapter of this paper. Nash fairness, efficiency fairness and profit fairness are introduced into retailers' decision making, and mathematical models are constructed to analyze the effects of equity concerns on supply chain efficiency. The results show that the order volume decreases under different fair frameworks. Supply chain efficiency decline. However, different equity concerns have different impacts on supply chains. In the third part, the author introduces retailer equity concerns into the issue of historical distribution of capacity, which is the fourth chapter of this paper. In the context of capacity constraints, this paper reconsiders the role of three kinds of equity concerns in supply chain decision-making. In addition, the optimization model is established to analyze the impact of retailer shortage equity on supplier profit. The study shows that the same type of equity concerns may have different effects on the supply chain with capacity constraints compared to those without capacity constraints. Moreover, retailers' fair concerns do not change the status quo in which wholesale prices do not coordinate capacity constraints on supply chains. On the basis of traditional supply chain research, this paper introduces retailer equity concerns into capacity allocation research, which enriches the content of supply chain operation research under fair concern and provides suggestions for suppliers to optimize capacity allocation.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F274

【共引文献】