基于工业园视角下中小企业融资困境的解决模式研究

发布时间：2018-07-03 05:47

本文选题：中小企业 + 融资模式　；参考：《江西财经大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：中小企业是社会经济发展不可或缺的重要组成部分。据统计,截止2012年底,我国中小企业数量约有4600万家,占全国企业总数的99.4%,贡献了全国60%出口总额、59%的销售收入、42%的利税总额、63%的工业总产值,并创造了80%以上的城镇就业,提供了全国约65%的发明专利,75%的技术创新和80%以上的新产品开发。但是中小企业由于管理不规范、信息透明度不高、缺乏担保物、贷款的数额小等特点一直受到银行贷款的歧视,加之我国的金融市场不够发达以及融资渠道单一,使得中小企业融资困难重重。融资难问题已经成为制约我国中小企业发展的最大瓶颈之一。中小企业极大一部分分布在经开区、高新区、产业园、科技园等工业园区内。工业园是中小企业的集聚地,园区内企业地理邻近,相互之间较为熟悉,特别是产业集群内基于产业链的专业化分工有着频繁贸易合作的中小企业。基于以上的背景,本文以“工业园区内中小企业的特殊性,能否为中小企业融资难问题提供新的解决思路与模式”为主线,采用理论与实证相结合为主要研究方法,以“组团”融资模式为解决困境的突破口,对中小企业融资困境的解决思路与方法进行了系统的分析。首先,本文在对国内外相关文献的梳理后,总结了我国中小企业目前融资的主要方式、融资困难的现状以及导致中小企业融资困难的原因。其次,文中分析了相较于园区外的中小企业,工业园中小企业具有地理聚集、企业间存在关联、从事产业专精性等特殊性,这些特征有利于提高园区内中小企业的信用度、降低融资的信贷风险和交易成本、增加银行的收益,从而提高银行贷款的积极性。基于该优势我们提出了解决工业园区融资困境的突破口在于“组团”融资,具体可参用团体融资模式、互助担保融资模式和供应链融资模式。然后,文中运用博弈模型,模拟各融资模式的“游戏”参与者的行为和最优化策略,探究博弈均衡条件,并总结出实现工业园中小企业和银行等金融机构“共赢”应注意的现实问题。最后,在总结前文的基础上,本文提出了引导园区企业集群发展、加快政府专项互助担保基金的设立、推动园区综合信息服务平台的搭建、完善中小企业融资政策与法律法规等相关建议。本文的创新点主要体现在以下三个方面：一是研究角度上,从工业园的视角对中小企业融资进行了分析,突出了工业园区中小企业融资的特殊性；二是研究内容上,本文深入分析了各模式中各融资参与者之间的内在关联机理,区别了以往将融资模式与融资方式等同的情况；三是研究方法上,本文采用了博弈论分析方法,分析了各融资模式的博弈均衡条件。
[Abstract]:Small and medium-sized enterprises are an indispensable part of social and economic development. According to statistics, by the end of 2012, the number of small and medium-sized enterprises in China was about 46 million, accounting for 99.4 percent of the total number of enterprises in the country, contributing 60 percent of the total export volume of the country, or 59 percent of the total sales income, or 42 percent of the total profits and taxes of the total industrial output value, and creating more than 80 percent of the urban employment. About 65% of invention patents and 75% of technological innovation and 80% of new product development are provided. However, SMEs have been discriminated against by bank loans because of their irregular management, low transparency of information, lack of collateral, small amount of loans and so on. In addition, the financial market of our country is not well developed and the financing channel is single. Small and medium-sized enterprises financing difficulties. Financing problem has become one of the biggest bottlenecks restricting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in China. A large part of SMEs are located in industrial parks such as Jingkai District, Hi-tech Zone, Industrial Park, Science Park and so on. The industrial park is the gathering place of small and medium-sized enterprises. The enterprises in the park are close to each other and are familiar with each other, especially the small and medium-sized enterprises with frequent trade cooperation in the specialized division of labor based on the industrial chain in the industrial cluster. Based on the above background, this paper takes "the particularity of the small and medium-sized enterprises in the industrial park, whether to provide a new way of thinking and mode for the financing difficulties of the small and medium-sized enterprises" as the main line, and adopts the combination of theory and practice as the main research method. Taking the financing mode of "group" as the breakthrough point to solve the dilemma, this paper systematically analyzes the ideas and methods of solving the financing dilemma of small and medium-sized enterprises. First of all, this paper summarizes the main financing methods, the current situation of financing difficulties and the causes of financing difficulties of SMEs in China after combing the relevant literature at home and abroad. Secondly, compared with the small and medium-sized enterprises outside the park, the paper analyzes the particularity of the small and medium-sized enterprises in the industrial park, such as geographical agglomeration, relationship among the enterprises, industry specialization and so on. These characteristics are helpful to improve the credit degree of the small and medium-sized enterprises in the park. Reduce the credit risk and transaction cost of financing, increase the bank's income, so as to increase the enthusiasm of bank loan. Based on this advantage, we put forward that the breakthrough to solve the financing dilemma of industrial parks lies in group financing, mutual guarantee financing and supply chain financing. Then, the game model is used to simulate the behavior and optimization strategy of the "game" participants in each financing mode, and the equilibrium conditions of the game are explored. And summarizes the practical problems that should be paid attention to realize the financial institutions such as small and medium-sized enterprises and banks in industrial parks. Finally, on the basis of summing up the above, this paper proposes to guide the development of enterprises cluster, accelerate the establishment of special mutual aid guarantee fund, and promote the construction of comprehensive information service platform of the park. Improve small and medium-sized enterprises financing policy and laws and regulations and other relevant recommendations. The innovation of this paper is mainly reflected in the following three aspects: first, from the perspective of industrial parks, the financing of small and medium-sized enterprises is analyzed, highlighting the particularity of the financing of small and medium-sized enterprises in industrial parks; second, the content of the research. This paper deeply analyzes the internal correlation mechanism among the financing participants in each model, and distinguishes the situation that the financing mode and the financing mode are the same in the past. Thirdly, on the research method, this paper adopts the game theory analysis method. The game equilibrium conditions of each financing mode are analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F275

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