供给和需求不确定环境下的供应链利润优化研究
发布时间：2018-07-21 11:05
【摘要】：经济的发展催生企业变革，在经济全球化这样的大环境下，企业间的竞争逐步演化为供应链之间的竞争，如何协同优化供应链，成为企业合作必须关注的问题。供应链协同的目标主要有两个：一是提高对市场的响应速度，提供给消费者更加满意的产品和服务；二是降低供应链的运营成本，，最大化消除供应链上的浪费。本文以装配行业的供应链为研究的切入点，装配行业供应链普遍存在上游零部件供应商供给不确定和下游市场需求不稳定的问题，所以作为轴心位置的供应链中游的装配制造商则需面对上游供给和下游需求不稳定的问题，如何缓解这种不确定，如何降低成本提高利润成，这是摆在装配制造商眼前而且是亟待解决的问题。 本文首先介绍了论文的研究背景，指出当今的市场竞争是供应链与供应链之间的竞争，分析了供应链协同的积极意义，提出了装配行业普遍存在供需不确定的问题，指出了本文的研究意义所在，阐述了本文研究的创新点。然后针对国内外学者对供需不确定问题的研究进行了综述，并对supply-hub的应用研究现状进行了分析，指出supply-hub在集成配送等方面的优势。其次对包含N个零部件供应商和一个装配制造商的装配行业供应链，在面对上游零部件供应商供给数量不确定和下游市场需求不稳定的环境下，通过建模分析，提出了不确定环境下关于订货数量的供应链利润函数，并建立了分散决策情况下基于收益共享回购契约的制造商利润函数，使得制造商的最优决策点同时也是供应链的最优决策点，并通过收益共享参数实现优化后的利润在制造商与各个供应商之间的分配比例，使供应链成员的利润均到了优化，并通过案例验证了基于收益共享的回购契约在优化利润和收益分配方面的可行性，并确定了供应链协同合作的矩形区域。 最后针对供需不确定的问题，从供应链组合模式上出发，提出了基于Supply-hub的零部件供给的物流入场模式，从供应链结构上分析Supply-hub在零部件供应方面的优势，并在Supply-hub模式的基础上提出了缺货情况的现货采购和惩罚机制，这是对零部件供应商的一种激励和惩罚并存的方式。同时建立了Supply-hub模式的供应链利润函数，进一步通过供应链协同契约实现优化后利润的分配，并通过算例分析验证了在不同的供应和需求稳定度下，以及现货市场价格等因素对供应链利润和利润增长率的影响。
[Abstract]:The development of economy accelerates the transformation of enterprises. Under the environment of economic globalization, the competition among enterprises gradually evolves into the competition between supply chains. How to optimize the supply chain collaboratively becomes a problem that must be paid attention to in the cooperation of enterprises. There are two main objectives of supply chain coordination: one is to improve the response speed to the market, to provide more satisfied products and services to consumers; the other is to reduce the operating cost of the supply chain and maximize the elimination of waste in the supply chain. In this paper, the supply chain of assembly industry is the starting point of the research. The supply of upstream parts suppliers is uncertain and the downstream market demand is unstable in the supply chain of assembly industry. So the assembly manufacturer in the middle of the supply chain, as the axis position, has to face the problem of instability of upstream supply and downstream demand, how to alleviate this uncertainty, how to reduce the cost and increase the profit. This is a problem that is in front of the assembly manufacturer and needs to be solved. This paper first introduces the research background of this paper, points out that the market competition is the competition between supply chain and supply chain, analyzes the positive significance of supply chain coordination, and points out that the supply and demand uncertainty exists in assembly industry. The significance of this paper is pointed out, and the innovation of this paper is expounded. Then, this paper summarizes the research of supply and demand uncertainty in domestic and foreign scholars, analyzes the application of supply-hub, and points out the advantages of supply-hub in integrated distribution and so on. Secondly, the supply chain of assembly industry, which includes N parts suppliers and an assembly manufacturer, is analyzed by modeling in the face of the uncertainty of the supply quantity of upstream parts suppliers and the instability of downstream market demand. In this paper, the profit function of supply chain for ordering quantity in uncertain environment is proposed, and the profit function of manufacturer based on the repurchase contract of income sharing in decentralized decision making is established. The optimal decision point of the manufacturer is also the optimal decision point of the supply chain at the same time, and the profit distribution ratio between the manufacturer and the supplier is realized by the profit sharing parameter, which makes the profit of the member of the supply chain to be optimized. The feasibility of the repurchase contract based on income sharing in optimizing profit and income distribution is verified by a case study, and the rectangular region of cooperative cooperation in supply chain is determined. Finally, aiming at the uncertainty of supply and demand, this paper puts forward the logistics entry mode based on supply-hub, and analyzes the advantages of supply-hub in parts supply from supply chain structure. On the basis of Supply-hub model, the spot purchasing and punishment mechanism of stock shortage is put forward, which is a way to encourage and punish component suppliers. At the same time, the profit function of supply chain based on Supply-hub model is established, and the profit distribution after optimization is realized through supply chain coordination contract. As well as the spot market price and other factors on the supply chain profit and profit growth rate.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F274
本文编号：2135322
[Abstract]:The development of economy accelerates the transformation of enterprises. Under the environment of economic globalization, the competition among enterprises gradually evolves into the competition between supply chains. How to optimize the supply chain collaboratively becomes a problem that must be paid attention to in the cooperation of enterprises. There are two main objectives of supply chain coordination: one is to improve the response speed to the market, to provide more satisfied products and services to consumers; the other is to reduce the operating cost of the supply chain and maximize the elimination of waste in the supply chain. In this paper, the supply chain of assembly industry is the starting point of the research. The supply of upstream parts suppliers is uncertain and the downstream market demand is unstable in the supply chain of assembly industry. So the assembly manufacturer in the middle of the supply chain, as the axis position, has to face the problem of instability of upstream supply and downstream demand, how to alleviate this uncertainty, how to reduce the cost and increase the profit. This is a problem that is in front of the assembly manufacturer and needs to be solved. This paper first introduces the research background of this paper, points out that the market competition is the competition between supply chain and supply chain, analyzes the positive significance of supply chain coordination, and points out that the supply and demand uncertainty exists in assembly industry. The significance of this paper is pointed out, and the innovation of this paper is expounded. Then, this paper summarizes the research of supply and demand uncertainty in domestic and foreign scholars, analyzes the application of supply-hub, and points out the advantages of supply-hub in integrated distribution and so on. Secondly, the supply chain of assembly industry, which includes N parts suppliers and an assembly manufacturer, is analyzed by modeling in the face of the uncertainty of the supply quantity of upstream parts suppliers and the instability of downstream market demand. In this paper, the profit function of supply chain for ordering quantity in uncertain environment is proposed, and the profit function of manufacturer based on the repurchase contract of income sharing in decentralized decision making is established. The optimal decision point of the manufacturer is also the optimal decision point of the supply chain at the same time, and the profit distribution ratio between the manufacturer and the supplier is realized by the profit sharing parameter, which makes the profit of the member of the supply chain to be optimized. The feasibility of the repurchase contract based on income sharing in optimizing profit and income distribution is verified by a case study, and the rectangular region of cooperative cooperation in supply chain is determined. Finally, aiming at the uncertainty of supply and demand, this paper puts forward the logistics entry mode based on supply-hub, and analyzes the advantages of supply-hub in parts supply from supply chain structure. On the basis of Supply-hub model, the spot purchasing and punishment mechanism of stock shortage is put forward, which is a way to encourage and punish component suppliers. At the same time, the profit function of supply chain based on Supply-hub model is established, and the profit distribution after optimization is realized through supply chain coordination contract. As well as the spot market price and other factors on the supply chain profit and profit growth rate.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F274
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