中国农业发展银行改革发展研究

发布时间：2018-07-03 16:19

本文选题：政策性金融 + 中国农业发展银行　；参考：《辽宁大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为农业大国,农业的发展为我国国民经济发展奠定基础,但是农业领域的生产项目高风险与低收益的特点,决定了商业性金融机构对农业领域的资金支持是不足的。因此,为解决农业生产流通领域资金不足的现状,政府在农业领域构建了政策性金融制度,成立了我国唯一一家政策性金融机构——中国农业发展银行,来实施农业政策性金融制度,所以农发行是我国农业政策性金融制度的承载体。中国农业发展银行自1994年成立以来,经过二十多年的不断发展,有利的维护了国家粮食安全、市场稳定以及农民的收益,推动了现代化农业、社会主义新农村的建设以及城乡的一体化发展。同时,中国农业发展银行也遇到了诸多问题,如市场定位不清晰,摇摆于政策性与商业性之间;筹资机制不健全,不能满足农业经济可持续发展的要求;监管机制比较薄弱,不利于农发行的持续发展等,这些问题阻碍了农发行的发展进程。因此,要想实现农发行的长期稳定发展,必须对其进行改革。本文采用DEA-Malmquist模型,主要通过Malmquist指数对农发行的经营效率进行分析,分析出如下结果。第一,农发行技术进步效率降低,因为其使用资金的效率不高,而且经营费用过多;第二,农发行在充分利用现代金融技术方面做得不够;第三,农发行处于规模不经济阶段,如何协调内部机构使其在扩大规模的同时降低平均成本是改革的重要方向。农发行既要考虑经济利益,同时需要顾虑社会利益,农发行利用其诱导虹吸功能,在牺牲自身经营效率的前提下,吸引了大量商业资本和民间资本进入相应产业,大大促进了相应产业的转型与发展。本文通过对国外政策性金融机构改革与创新的研究,并结合国内农业发展的实际情况,得出我国农业政策性金融只能加强、不能削弱;本文为我国农发行的改革发展,提出了以下措施:设置严格的业务风险隔离制度,实现业务发展机制的创新;引入风险转嫁机制,实现风险管理机制的创新;加强对信贷投向、客户群体、担保方式的优化,实现信贷结构的优化等。
[Abstract]:As a large agricultural country, the development of agriculture lays a foundation for the development of our national economy. However, the characteristics of high risk and low income of agricultural production projects determine that the financial support of commercial financial institutions to agriculture is insufficient. Therefore, in order to solve the shortage of funds in the field of agricultural production and circulation, the government has established a policy-oriented financial system in the field of agriculture and established the only policy-oriented financial institution in China, the Agricultural Development Bank of China. Therefore, Agricultural Development Bank is the bearer of agricultural policy finance system in China. Since the establishment of the Agricultural Development Bank of China in 1994, after more than 20 years of continuous development, it has advantageously maintained the national food security, the stability of the market and the income of farmers, thus promoting the modernization of agriculture. The construction of new socialist countryside and the integration of urban and rural development. At the same time, the Agricultural Development Bank of China has also encountered many problems, such as unclear market positioning, swinging between policy and commercial, imperfect financing mechanism, unable to meet the requirements of sustainable development of agricultural economy, and weak regulatory mechanism. Not conducive to the sustainable development of the Agricultural Development Bank, these problems hindered the development process of the Agricultural Development Bank. Therefore, in order to realize the long-term and stable development of Agricultural Development Bank, it must be reformed. In this paper, DEA-Malmquist model is used to analyze the management efficiency of Agricultural Development Bank through Malmquist index, and the following results are obtained. First, the efficiency of the technical progress of the Agricultural Development Bank is reduced because of its low efficiency in the use of funds and excessive operating costs; second, the Agricultural Development Bank has not done enough to make full use of modern financial technology; and third, the Agricultural Development Bank is at a stage of uneconomic scale. How to coordinate the internal organization and reduce the average cost while enlarging the scale is the important direction of the reform. The Agricultural Development Bank not only considers the economic interests, but also the social interests. The Agricultural Development Bank uses its siphon function to attract a large amount of commercial capital and private capital into the corresponding industries at the expense of its own operating efficiency. Greatly promoted the corresponding industry transformation and the development. Through the research on the reform and innovation of foreign policy-oriented financial institutions and the actual situation of domestic agricultural development, this paper concludes that the agricultural policy-oriented finance of our country can only be strengthened and can not be weakened. The following measures are proposed: to set up strict business risk isolation system to realize the innovation of business development mechanism, to introduce risk transfer mechanism, to realize the innovation of risk management mechanism, to strengthen the optimization of credit investment, customer group and guarantee mode. To realize the optimization of credit structure.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F832.31

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