国家能力与社会抗议:社会稳定研究的两个学术进路

发布时间：2018-01-25 00:17

本文关键词： 国家能力社会抗议非政治性自我设限互动　出处：《人文杂志》2017年11期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：关于中国社会稳定这一热门话题,国内外学界做了广泛的研究,根据关注点的不同,上述研究大体可分为两个向度:国家能力和社会抗议。前者向度下的研究认为,良好的经济绩效、趋于规则化的高层精英政治和政权治理方式的调适增强了国家应对各种挑战的能力,在此基础上,社会稳定才得以维持。后者聚焦于当下社会抗议的非政治属性,认为抗议诉求集中于具体的物质性利益,这导致抗议本身存在地方化、经济性和自我审查等多方面的限制,故而此类抗议并不具备挑战稳定的意愿和能力。笔者认为,社会稳定与否并非取决于国家能力或社会抗议中的任何单一因素,而是国家与社会二者互动的结果,也正因此,当下单一向度下的稳定研究并不能解释社会为何稳定以及有何风险的问题,进一步的研究需要结合国家能力与社会抗议来发掘两者内在的关联机制。循此路径,关注于国家能力增强的背后所伴生的社会抗议增加及其对国家能力的反噬,或者发掘国家运用各种资源来应对社会抗议的积极与消极效果及其作用机制,在此基础上来评估社会稳定的状况及其可能发生的变化是较为可取的研究方向。
[Abstract]:On the hot topic of social stability in China, scholars at home and abroad have done a wide range of research, according to the different concerns. These studies can be broadly divided into two dimensions: state capacity and social protest. The regularization of high-level elite politics and regime governance has enhanced the country's ability to respond to various challenges, on the basis of this. Social stability can only be maintained. The latter focuses on the non-political nature of the current social protest, which focuses on the material interests of the protest, which leads to the localization of the protest itself. Economic and self-censorship restrictions, so such protests do not have the will and ability to challenge stability. Social stability does not depend on the capacity of the State or on any single factor in social protest, but rather on the outcome of the interaction between the State and society. Current stability studies under the single dimension can not explain why society is stable and what the risks are. Further research needs to combine the national capacity and social protest to explore the internal relationship between the two mechanisms. Follow this path. Pay attention to the increase of social protest associated with the enhancement of national capacity and its counteraction to national capacity, or explore the use of various resources by the state to deal with the positive and negative effects of social protest and its mechanism of action. On this basis, it is preferable to evaluate the situation of social stability and its possible changes.
【作者单位】：山东大学政治学与公共管理学院;
【基金】：2016年度国家社科重大招标项目“中国基本公共服务供给侧改革与获得感提升研究”(16ZDA080) 山东大学基本科研业务费专项资金(2017GN002)
【分类号】：D630
【正文快照】： 新世纪以来,随着改革开放的进一步深入,国内利益结构进一步分化,抗议类型也呈现出多元化态势。因环境污染、土地拆迁、劳资纠纷、业主维权、族群冲突和信访等不同议题而引发的各种社会冲突与抗议事件在2010年前后就达到了18余万起,(1)其中某些事件的规模已达数万人,(2)部分事

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