建筑从业人员工作压力对工程项目绩效的影响研究

发布时间：2018-02-03 06:28

本文关键词： 工作压力工作压力源工作压力水平工程项目绩效问卷调查访谈　出处：《苏州科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国建筑业发展迅速,但在建筑行业快速发展的同时,不断加快的生活节奏和日益激烈的行业竞争,也给从业人员带来的巨大压力。根据中国统计年鉴的数据,截至2015年底,我国建筑领域从业人数达到5003万人,占全社会就业人员总数的6.46%。针对如此庞大的从业人员数量,探究从业人员的工作压力及其影响,对于建筑行业的健康发展十分重要。由于过大的工作压力会引起个人的绩效下降、工作积极性降低、态度消极等问题,因此,建筑从业人员过高的工作压力会对工程项目绩效造成影响。然而,与其重要性相比,针对建筑从业人员工作压力进行的研究还相对偏少。本文基于文献综述,采用问卷调查与访谈的实证分析方法,以苏州建筑从业人员为研究对象,设立了以下三个主要目标:(1)识别建筑从业人员的关键工作压力源,及不同类型人员(年龄、性别和专业方向)工作压力源的差异;(2)分析建筑从业人员的不同工作压力源对工作压力水平的影响;(3)探索建筑从业人员的工作压力水平对工程项目绩效的影响。基于这些研究,构建工作压力源——工作压力水平——工作压力影响的概念模型,以进一步了解工作压力对工程项目绩效的影响,为制定积极有效的工作压力管理措施提供理论参考。论文主要包括六个部分:第一部分是绪论。通过阅读文献确定了论文的主要研究内容、研究意义、研究目的和研究方法,并建立论文的技术路线图。第二部分介绍了工作压力以及工程项目绩效的相关理论。第三部分是理论构思与研究假设。基于文献综述,构建研究所需要的理论模型,并在此基础上提出了研究的主要假设。第四部分是问卷调查与数据分析。运用SPSS22.0软件对问卷调查的统计结果进行信度和效度检验,并进行因素分析、描述性分析和相关性分析。第五部分是访谈。通过对21位建筑从业人员进行访谈,与问卷调查的结果进行交互验证。第六部分是结论与展望。总结了本文的结论、不足,提出了未来的研究方向。本研究共回收问卷175份,其中有效问卷占83.4%。基于问卷的统计分析、结合访谈的分析结果,得到的主要结论如下:(1)建筑从业人员的关键工作压力源及不同类型人员(年龄、性别和专业方向)工作压力源的差异基于因素分析,建筑从业人员的压力来源是六个方面,按重要性程度顺序分别是:项目要求、职业发展、人际关系、组织氛围、工作要求和工作环境。其中,项目要求是最主要的工作压力源。建筑从业人员不同工作压力源在性别、年龄、专业方向三个方面存在显著性差异,具体表现在:在项目要求方面,41-50岁的管理人员的压力最高;在工作要求方面,男性压力高于女性;在工作环境方面,男性技术人员的压力最高。(2)建筑从业人员的不同工作压力源对工作压力水平的影响工作要求(0.439**)、工作环境(0.416**)、人际关系(0.195*)、组织氛围(0.184*)和项目要求(0.173*)五个方面的工作压力源显著提高了建筑从业人员的工作压力水平。(3)工作压力水平对工程项目绩效及各评价指标的影响工作压力水平对工程项目绩效(-0.190*)产生了明显的负向影响,主要体现在质量(-0.179*)和成本(-0.180*)两个方面。即建筑从业人员所承受的工作压力水平越高,越难以实现项目质量和成本的绩效目标。本研究对工作压力源、工作压力水平和工程项目绩效及其相关关系进行了研究,并取得了比较重要的结论。但是,由于各方面因素的限制,本论文还存在一些不足之处。例如,收集的样本具有地域的局限性,工作压力的评价指标还有待进一步完善。在今后的研究中,可以扩大研究地域的范围,比较各地域之间的建筑从业人员工作压力程度的差异,使研究成果更加全面和深入。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the rapid development of China's construction industry, but the rapid development in the construction industry at the same time, accelerating the pace of life and the increasingly fierce competition in the industry, but also to bring enormous pressure to employees. China according to statistical data, as of the end of 2015, China's construction led the number of employees reached 50 million 30 thousand of total area. The total social employment 6.46%. for such a large number of practitioners, practitioners working pressure and influence, is very important for the healthy development of the construction industry. Because of excessive work pressure will cause a decline in personal performance, work enthusiasm, reduce the negative attitude, etc. Therefore, the construction personnel work pressure is too high impact on project performance. However, its importance compared to study the working pressure for the construction workers are relatively few. Based on the review of literature The empirical analysis, questionnaire and interview method, taking Suzhou construction personnel as the research object, set up the following three main objectives: (1) the key work pressure source identification of construction personnel, and personnel of different types (age, gender differences and professional direction) working pressure source; (2) analysis effect of different sources of work pressure on the construction personnel working pressure level; (3) the working pressure level to explore the construction of employees on the project performance. Based on these studies, a conceptual model of the source of pressure build pressure level -- influence of job stress, in order to further understand the influence of working pressure on Project performance and provide a theoretical reference for the formulation of effective stress management measures. The paper mainly includes six parts: the first part is the introduction. The main research papers were determined by reading literature Research content, research significance, research objectives and research methods, and establish the technology roadmap. The second part introduces the related theory of work pressure and project performance. The third part is the theoretical construction and research hypothesis. Based on literature review, builds the model of research needs, and puts forward the main hypothesis the research. The fourth part is the analysis of the questionnaire and data. Based on the questionnaire investigation results of SPSS22.0 software to test the reliability and validity, and factor analysis, descriptive analysis and correlation analysis. The fifth part of the interview. Interviews with 21 construction personnel, interactive verification and the results of the questionnaire. The sixth part is the conclusion and prospect. It summarizes the conclusions and deficiencies, put forward the direction of future research. In this study, a total of 175 copies of questionnaires, the effective questionnaire based on 83.4%. Statistical analysis on the questionnaire, combined with the analysis of the interview results, the main conclusions are as follows: (1) the key sources of work pressure construction personnel and personnel of different types (age, gender and professional direction) difference analysis of work pressure source based on factors, sources of pressure building staff is six, according to the importance of the degree of order are: project requirements, occupation development, interpersonal relationship, organizational atmosphere, job requirements and working environment. The work requirements of the project is the main source of pressure. The age construction personnel working pressure source in different gender, and there is a significant difference between the three aspects of professional orientation, specific performance in: in the project requirements at the age of 41-50, the management staff of the highest pressure; in the work requirements, the pressure is higher than the male female; in terms of the working environment, the pressure of the male technicians. (2) different construction workers As the pressure source influence on job stress job requirements (0.439**) (0.416**), working environment, interpersonal relationship, organizational atmosphere (0.195*) (0.184*) (0.173*) and the requirements of the project work pressure source five aspects significantly improves the working pressure level of construction personnel. (3) the level of work pressure and work performance the pressure level of influence on the project performance and the evaluation index of the project (-0.190*) had a significant negative impact, mainly reflected in the quality and cost (-0.179*) (-0.180*) two aspects. The working pressure level construction personnel under the higher, more difficult to achieve the project quality and cost performance the target. This study on the source of work pressure, work pressure and level of project performance and the correlation was studied, and achieved important results. However, due to various factors, this thesis is still a Some shortcomings. For example, the limitation of samples collected with regional evaluation index, the working pressure remains to be further improved. In the future, can expand the scope of regional differences in the degree of work pressure, the comparison between the regional construction personnel, make the research results more comprehensive and in-depth.

【学位授予单位】：苏州科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.92;F272.92;F406.7

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