H公司电石冶炼厂建设项目的采购风险管控研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 21:18

本文选题：采购风险　切入点：风险管控　出处：《东华大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：全球一体化趋势使得各国的贸易合作变得越来越密切。这种趋势使得国内外大型工程管理公司的竞争格局发生了变化。H公司作为一家跨国工程管理类的公司,进入中国后结合自己的工程技术优势成功承接国内大型工程项目。虽然H公司在采矿和冶炼化工领域具有多项技术优势,其工程建设具有规模大、技术水平高、系统性强等特点,但在复杂的项目建设过程中,为取得较好的项目收益,节省更多成本,H公司仍努力寻求更科学的工程管理手段。据近年几个工程造价方案统计,H公司就单个冶金工程建设项目的材料设备总采购额已占其项目总投资的50%以上。高比例的采购成本在工程项目中的杠杆效益越来越突显。在实施单个工程建设项目管理时,对采购风险管控已经逐步成为整个工程项目是否能够最终成功的关键性因素。同时从公司业务战略发展角度分析,要与其它知名工程公司在竞争日趋激烈的市场中保持持久的竞争优势也越来越依靠对采购环节的风险把控。H公司管理层近年越来越重视对工程项目里采购风险的管控,但在实施风险管控时由于缺少有效方法和手段碰到许多障碍。通过本文分析可以了解H公司工程项目中最主要的采购风险来自与供应商的供货风险。常常因选定的供应商的综合素质偏弱,导致了交期的拖延、工程质量不达标、项目变更频繁等一系列工程问题。因此本文通过理论研究和实际项目的结合,以合理的管理工具辅助,希望构建一个适用于H公司项目的采购风险评估体系。在选择供应商时不仅为H公司提供科学的评估依据促进整个工程建设项目的供应链良性发展,同时也能为降低整个工程项目的施工风险奠定基础,起到风险预防控制的作用。本文在理论研究中,引入平衡计分卡进行定性分析,把各个主要评估指标进行提炼、分类与确定。基于平衡计分卡理论建立起来的关键绩效指标能够综合考虑供应商的各个方面。通过财务、客户服务、运营及学习与发展四个维度指标之间的相互联系、相互影响,相互驱动的关系来体现供应商整体素质。该理论指导下的供应商评估指标体系可适用供应商前瞻性评价,还可作为H公司实施风险管控的一种工具。为达到优化供应商选择控制风险的目的,本文引入层次分析法进一步研究,将与决策有关的元素分解成目标、准则、方案层并对各细分指标赋予权重因子进行综合比较。最后,借助模糊综合评分法的思想为每个权重因子赋上对应分值,通过定量计算可有效发现适用于H公司项目的最优供应商。上述的归纳分析过程是一种定性与定量分析相结合的实用性决策分析方法,不但为H公司提供了一套新颖科学的采购风险管控方法,而且也为H公司对国内供应商质量的评判标准提供了更适用的方案。
[Abstract]:The trend of global integration has made the trade cooperation between countries become closer and closer. This trend has changed the competitive pattern of large engineering management companies both at home and abroad. H Company is a multinational engineering management company. After entering China, we succeeded in undertaking large-scale domestic engineering projects in combination with our own engineering and technical advantages. Although H Company has many technical advantages in the fields of mining and smelting and chemical industry, its engineering construction has a large scale and a high level of technology. But in the process of complex project construction, in order to obtain better project income, According to several project cost plans in recent years, the total purchase amount of materials and equipment for a single metallurgical construction project has accounted for the total investment of the project. More than 50%. The leverage benefit of the high proportion of purchasing cost is more and more prominent in the engineering project. When implementing the management of the single project construction project, Procurement risk control has gradually become a key factor for the final success of the whole project. At the same time, from the perspective of the company's business strategy development, In order to maintain a lasting competitive advantage with other well-known engineering companies in an increasingly competitive market, the management of .H Company is increasingly relying on the risks in the procurement process. In recent years, the management of the company has paid more and more attention to the control of procurement risks in engineering projects. However, there are many obstacles in implementing risk control due to the lack of effective methods and means. Through the analysis of this paper, we can understand that the main procurement risks in engineering projects of H Company come from the supply risks with suppliers. The comprehensive quality of suppliers is weak, It leads to a series of engineering problems, such as delay of delivery, substandard of project quality, frequent change of project and so on. Therefore, through the combination of theoretical research and practical project, this paper is assisted by reasonable management tools. It is hoped to construct a procurement risk assessment system suitable for H company projects. When selecting suppliers, it not only provides H company with scientific evaluation basis to promote the benign development of the supply chain of the whole project. At the same time, it can also lay the foundation for reducing the construction risk of the whole project and play the role of risk prevention and control. In the theoretical research, the balanced scorecard is introduced to carry out qualitative analysis, and the main evaluation indexes are refined. Classification and determination. The key performance indicators based on balanced Scorecard theory can comprehensively consider all aspects of suppliers. Through the financial, customer service, operation and learning and development of the four dimensions of the interrelationship between indicators, The supplier evaluation index system under the guidance of this theory can be applied to the prospective evaluation of suppliers. It can also be used as a tool for H Company to implement risk control. In order to optimize supplier selection and control risk, this paper introduces the Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to further study and decompose the elements related to decision-making into objectives and criteria. Finally, with the help of the idea of fuzzy comprehensive scoring method, the corresponding value of each weight factor is assigned to each subdivision index. The optimal supplier suitable for H company project can be found by quantitative calculation. The above inductive analysis process is a practical decision analysis method combining qualitative and quantitative analysis. It not only provides H Company with a set of novel and scientific methods of purchasing risk control, but also provides a more suitable scheme for H Company to judge the quality of domestic suppliers.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.3;F274

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