农地产权结构、生产要素效率与农业绩效

发布时间：2018-04-02 03:22

本文选题：农地产权结构　切入点：使用权　出处：《管理世界》2017年03期

【摘要】：该研究围绕产权排他性,通过构建测度农地产权结构的"内容实质—主体干预—排他边界"框架,以1978~2010年省级面板数据为样本,从农业生产要素效率变化的视角回答了农地产权结构如何影响农业绩效的内在路径问题。研究结果表明:(1)改革开放以来,农户的农地产权排他性得到了有效增强,且在提升程度上按照农地收益权、农地使用权和农地处分权的次序依次递减;(2)这3项权利排他性的增强均显著正向影响了土地要素与劳动力要素对农业绩效的作用效率,但影响的变动趋势存在着一定的差异;(3)在农地使用权方面,随着农户自主决策经营农地行为的日益排他,农业生产中的土地要素和劳动力要素效率均受到了正向的显著影响,但影响幅度却在逐渐降低;(4)而在农地收益权方面,随着农户独享产出收益行为排他性的增强,土地要素效率受到了持续增强的正向显著影响,但劳动力要素效率却受到了持续弱化的正向显著影响;(5)最后在农地处分权方面,随着农户自由处置农地行为排他性的增强,土地要素和劳动力要素效率均受到了持续增强的正向显著影响。据此,文章最后从农业生产要素效率变动的角度,简要讨论了农地产权管制的"合理界定"与"失当干预"问题,并提出了加强农地产权保护,增强农户产权排他性,推进农地处分权改革,以及从要素效率角度注重不同权利及政策之间相互协调等方面的政策建议。
[Abstract]:This study revolves around the exclusiveness of property right, through constructing the frame of "content essence-subject intervention-exclusive boundary" to measure the structure of farmland property right, taking the provincial panel data from 1978 to 2010 as the sample. From the perspective of the change of factor efficiency of agricultural production, this paper answers the internal path of how the structure of farmland property right affects agricultural performance. The research results show that since the reform and opening to the outside world, the exclusivity of farmland property right of farmers has been effectively enhanced. Moreover, according to the order of farmland income right, farmland use right and farmland disposition right, the exclusivity of these three rights has a significant positive impact on the efficiency of land and labor factors on agricultural performance. However, there are some differences in the trend of change of influence. In the aspect of farmland use right, with the increasing exclusion of farmers' behavior of independent decision and management of farmland, the efficiency of land elements and labor factors in agricultural production has been positively and significantly affected. However, the influence range is decreasing gradually. In the aspect of farmland income right, with the increasing of exclusive behavior of farmers' exclusive income, the land factor efficiency is significantly affected by the continuous enhancement. However, the labor factor efficiency is significantly and positively affected by the continuous weakening. Finally, in the aspect of the disposition right of farmland, with the increasing of the exclusive behavior of farmers' free disposal of agricultural land, Both the land factor and the labor factor efficiency have been positively and significantly affected by the continuous enhancement. Accordingly, the article finally from the agricultural production factor efficiency change angle, This paper briefly discusses the problems of "reasonable definition" and "improper intervention" in the control of farmland property rights, and puts forward some suggestions on strengthening the protection of farmland property rights, strengthening the exclusivity of farmers' property rights, and promoting the reform of disposition rights of agricultural land. And from the factor efficiency point of view to pay attention to different rights and policy coordination and other aspects of policy recommendations.
【作者单位】：南京财经大学粮食安全与战略研究中心;南京信息工程大学经济管理学院;华南农业大学国家农业制度与发展研究院;南京农业大学中国土地问题研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目“粮食价格调控与市场反应机制研究——基于农户与粮食企业行为视角”(编号:71673127) 粮食公益性行业科研专项项目“粮食产后损失浪费调查及评估技术研究”(编号:201513004)的资助
【分类号】：F321.1

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