贸易增加值为导向的中国对外直接投资区位选择研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 02:29

本文选题：贸易增加值 + 中国　；参考：《南京理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：2010年,WTO提出"世界制造倡议",指出传统贸易核算方法下国家之间的贸易关系容易被扭曲,呼吁关注各国对外贸易中的增加值,并以此改进传统国际贸易核算方法。随后,贸易增加值的核算方法引起了各国政府以及学术界的广泛关注。贸易增加值核算方法下,中国的贸易伙伴、贸易顺差、全球价值链地位都发生了极大的变化,一直以来中国的贸易价值被严重扭曲,而且中国的单位贸易增加值远远落后于发达国家,与贸易总量极不匹配。随着国际分工合作不断紧密深化,国际投资已成为国际合作的重要形式,基于对外投资与对外贸易的密切关系,探讨如何通过OFDI提高中国对外贸易增加值,发现贸易增加值导向下中国OFDI的合理区位布局具有十分重要的意义。本文首先梳理了中国对外贸易、贸易增加值及对外直接投资的基本现状,并从规模、结构、方式、地区四个层面对三者进行了对比分析,发现目前中国贸易增加值地位与中国贸易总量、投资规模不相匹配,中国的单位贸易增加值远低于美国、欧盟、日本、韩国等,位于全球价值链的中低端,贸易价值被严重扭曲。接着,基于对外直接投资的贸易创造效应、规模经济效应及逆向技术溢出效应分析了对外直接投资影响贸易增加值的理论机制,在此基础上,提炼了贸易增加值导向下中国OFDI区位布局的三种路径:一是通过OFDI的贸易创造效应扩大贸易出口规模,二是通过OFDI的贸易替代效应降低国外增加值的使用,三是通过OFDI的逆向技术溢出效应提高出口内含增加值率。除了第二种路径下中国OFDI应选择周边发展中国家外,中国OFDI的区位布局选择应更多地侧重于发达经济体。结合中国目前OFDI区位布局的特征,本文指出了贸易增加值导向下中国OFDI区位布局存在的问题,并从转变投资思路、增强竞争实力、建立绩效评价和完善保障机制四个维度提出了促进和保障中国企业OFDI转向发达经济体的相关建议,以期为政府和企业对外直接投资提供决策参考。
[Abstract]:In 2010, WTO put forward the "World Manufacturing Initiative", pointing out that the trade relationship between countries is easily distorted under the traditional trade accounting method, calling for attention to the added value in foreign trade of each country, and improving the traditional international trade accounting method. Subsequently, the accounting method of the value added of trade has aroused the widespread concern of the governments and the academic circles. Under the trade value added accounting method, China's trade partners, trade surplus and global value chain status have all undergone great changes, and China's trade value has been seriously distorted. Moreover, China's added value of unit trade lags far behind that of developed countries and does not match the total volume of trade. With the deepening of international division of work and cooperation, international investment has become an important form of international cooperation. Based on the close relationship between foreign investment and foreign trade, this paper discusses how to improve the added value of China's foreign trade through OFDI. It is of great significance to find out the reasonable location distribution of China's OFDI under the guidance of added value of trade. This paper first combs the basic status quo of China's foreign trade, trade added value and foreign direct investment, and makes a comparative analysis of the three from four aspects of scale, structure, mode and region. The value of trade is seriously distorted. Then, based on the trade creation effect, scale economy effect and reverse technology spillover effect of foreign direct investment, this paper analyzes the theoretical mechanism of the impact of foreign direct investment on the added value of trade. This paper abstracts three ways of China's OFDI location layout under the guidance of value added of trade: one is to expand the scale of trade exports through the trade creation effect of OFDI, the other is to reduce the use of added value abroad through the trade substitution effect of OFDI. Third, through the reverse technology spillover effect of OFDI to improve the export value added rate. In addition to the second path, China's OFDI should choose the neighboring developing countries, and the location of China's OFDI should be more focused on the developed economies. Combined with the characteristics of China's current OFDI location layout, this paper points out the existing problems of China's OFDI location layout under the guidance of added value of trade, and strengthens the competitive strength by changing the investment thinking. The four dimensions of establishing performance evaluation and perfecting the guarantee mechanism put forward some suggestions on how to promote and guarantee the shift of OFDI from Chinese enterprises to developed economies in order to provide a reference for the government and enterprises to make decisions on foreign direct investment (FDI).
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F125;F752.6

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