格力电器营运资金管理研究

发布时间：2018-07-01 16:14

本文选题：营运资金管理 + 绩效评价　；参考：《石河子大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在企业的各项资产之中,营运资金具有最重要的地位。营运资金的管理效率和周转速度,是否能够为企业在正常运营过程中的各环节顺利衔接来提供保障,是否能够确保企业持续稳定的发展,已成为企业管理的重要内容。目前,营运资金紧缺已经成为我国家电制造企业的严重问题,并且对其发展速度造成了极大影响。因此,家电制造企业的财务管理问题,特别是对营运资金的管理问题,直接决定着家电企业能否在激烈的市场竞争中生存与发展下来。本文通过回顾国内外研究文献的研究,运用了文献法、叙述研究法和比较法,从要素和渠道两个角度,对营运资金管理绩效进行评价,通过选择格力电器和青岛海尔两家大型企业,对两者的营运资金进行了对比分析,并从管理体制和机制、商业模式等方面深入剖析造成两大家电制造企业营运资金管理绩效差异的原因,分析得出以下结论:从基于要素的营运资金管理绩效方面来看,格力电器2010—2014年存货周转期均高于青岛海尔,在应收账款周转期方面,相比较而言,青岛海尔应收款项周转速度比格力电器快,主要原因在于格力电器应收账款中,应收票据占用很多资金,款项回收的时间非常长,这就是青岛海尔应收账款整体周转绩效优于格力电器的原因,2010—2014年格力电器应付账款周转期高于青岛海尔,但是如果过度利用,这种优势很有可能会使其变成劣势;从基于渠道的营运资金管理绩效方面来看,青岛海尔和格力电器的采购渠道营运资金周转期数均不理想,说明应付账款和票据的资金占用大于原材料存货和预付账款的资金占用,这也意味着,无论是格力电器,还是青岛海尔,这两大家电制造企业都占用了上游供应商的资金,2010—2015年格力电器生产渠道资金周转绩效明显落后于青岛海尔,而对于营销渠道营运资金周转期,除了2013年以外,格力电器都呈现出长于青岛海尔的状态,从基于渠道的营运资金管理绩效方面来看,格力电器营运资金管理整体水平不如青岛海尔。通过深入剖析,我们发现格力电器在发展的同时,仍然存在营运资金周转期低,占用上游供应商资金严重,应付款项周转期较长,影响与供应商的关系,生产方式的缺陷导致资源浪费或过高库存,营销模式带来的威胁等问题,针对上述问题,我们提出了如下建议:加强与供应商信息共享,加快采购渠道资金周转,加强供应商管理,建立良好的战略合作关系,实行科学生产模式,提高生产效率,与供应商联合管理库存,提高款项回收效率,开拓电商营销模式。希望能为格力电器改进营运资金管理产生一定的参考作用。
[Abstract]:Among the assets of the enterprise, working capital has the most important position. Whether the management efficiency and turnover speed of the working capital can provide the guarantee for the smooth connection of each link in the normal operation process, and whether it can ensure the sustainable and stable development of the enterprise, has become the important content of the enterprise management. At present, the shortage of working capital has become a serious problem for home appliance manufacturing enterprises in China, and has a great impact on the speed of its development. Therefore, the financial management of household appliance manufacturing enterprises, especially the management of working capital, directly determines whether the appliance enterprises can survive and develop in the fierce market competition. By reviewing the domestic and foreign research literature, this paper applies the literature method, narrative research method and comparative method to evaluate the performance of working capital management from the perspectives of factors and channels. Through selecting Gree Electric Appliance and Qingdao Haier two large enterprises, the working capital of the two enterprises are compared and analyzed, and from the management system and mechanism, The reasons for the difference in the performance of working capital management between the two major home appliance manufacturing enterprises are analyzed in depth from the aspects of business model, and the following conclusions are drawn: from the point of view of the performance of the working capital management based on the elements, The inventory turnover period of Gree Electric Appliances in 2010-2014 is higher than that of Qingdao Haier. In terms of the turnover of accounts receivable, the turnover rate of receivables of Qingdao Haier is faster than that of Gree Electric, which is mainly due to the accounts receivable of Gree Electric Appliances. Bill receivable occupies a lot of funds, and the recovery time is very long. This is the reason why the overall turnover performance of accounts receivable of Qingdao Haier is better than that of Gree Electric Co., Ltd. In 2010-2014, the turnover period of accounts payable of Gree Electric Appliance is higher than that of Qingdao Haier. However, if it is overutilized, this advantage is likely to turn into a disadvantage. From the perspective of the channel-based working capital management performance, Qingdao Haier and Gree Electric's purchasing channel working capital turnover period are not ideal. It shows that accounts payable and bills take up more funds than raw material inventories and prepaid accounts. This also means that whether it is Gree Electric or Qingdao Haier, These two major home appliance manufacturers have taken up funds from upstream suppliers. In 2010-2015, Gree Electric equipment production channel capital turnover performance lagged behind Qingdao Haier obviously, and for the marketing channel working capital turnover period, except for 2013, Gree electric appliances are longer than Qingdao Haier, from the perspective of operating capital management performance based on channels, Gree electric working capital management level is not as good as Qingdao Haier. Through in-depth analysis, we find that Gree Electric still has a low turnover period of working capital, serious use of upstream supplier funds, and a long turnover period of payables, which affects the relationship between Gree Electric Appliances and suppliers. The defects of production mode lead to the waste of resources or excessive inventory, the threat of marketing mode, and so on. In view of the above problems, we put forward the following suggestions: strengthening information sharing with suppliers, speeding up the flow of funds in procurement channels, Strengthen supplier management, establish good strategic cooperation relationship, implement scientific production model, improve production efficiency, jointly manage inventory with suppliers, improve the efficiency of fund recovery, and open up the mode of e-commerce marketing. Hope to improve Gree electrical working capital management to produce a certain reference role.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.6;F406.7

【参考文献】