广州市村卫生室开展健康教育服务现状及推进对策研究
发布时间：2018-07-24 17:15
【摘要】：目的:本研究的目的在于分析广州市村卫生室发展现状及健康教育服务现状,同时分析村卫生室开展健康教育服务的影响因素,提出广州市村卫生室健康教育推进对策,为提高村卫生室的健康教育服务质量、促进农村健康教育工作提供政策依据。方法:使用统一设计的调查问卷,采用普查的方法,开展村卫生室机构调查、村卫生室医务人员问卷调查,并对市(区)卫计局、市(区)健康教育所、镇卫生院、村卫生室的关键人员进行访谈。采用率、构成比等指标对村卫生室的一般情况、健康教育设施配置情况、人力资源现况、健康教育服务情况、医务人员开展健康教育的态度和健康教育知识掌握情况等内容进行描述性分析。利用Logistic回归分析法分析村卫生室出版宣传栏期次达标情况的影响因素、村卫生室发放资料种类达标情况的影响因素。采用Epidata3.1进行数据录入,SPSS21.0进行统计分析。结果:1.村卫生室的一般情况:村卫生室的经营属性以村集体所属为主,占72.0%,其次是乡镇医院所属,占16.8%。广州市的农村地区一半实行紧密型镇村卫生服务一体化管理,一半实行基本型镇村卫生服务一体化管理。承担基本公共卫生服务的卫生室比例为86.6%。2.健康教育设施配置情况:广州市村卫生室的健康教育宣传栏、宣传资料展架、电脑、视频播放设备、农家书屋中健康教育专区等健康教育设施配置率分别为93.0%、72.4%、75.9%、22.5%、94.8%。3.村卫生室医务人员构成:男女性别比例为1:0.7;年龄在20-82岁之间,30-39岁比例最高,占32.3%,60岁以上,占29.8%;学历以中专为主,达50.5%;专业以西医比例最高,占37.9%,预防医学仅约占1.3%,0.6%的医务人员未学过医学;职称以乡村医生资格为主,占58.8%,有职称级别的人员占38.8%。4.村卫生室医务人员开展健康教育态度、知识掌握情况:89.8%的人认为卫生室有必要开展健康教育服务。96.6%的人表示愿意在诊疗过程中开展健康教育服务。19.6%的人认为完全有能力在诊疗过程中开展健康教育服务。51.0%的人认为有能力为村民开展健康教育讲座。掌握健康促进步骤、健康教育形式、健康教育传播方式、健康教育传播效果、健康行为的医务人员比例分别为8.4%、20.2%、0.9%、46.1%、18.3%。5.村卫生室健康教育服务现状:多数村卫生室只是配合做些简单的健康教育工作,比如,发放宣传资料和开展个体化健康教育。2013年未开展过讲座、咨询、播放视频等项目工作的村卫生室占38.7%、37.1%、80.4%。94.2%的医务人员曾经针对就诊病人开展过个体化健康教育服务。43.9%的医务人员给村民开展过健康教育讲座。2013年出版宣传栏次数、开展讲座次数、开展咨询次数、播放视频种类、发放资料种类达到《广州市镇卫生院和村卫生站(室)绩效考核实施方案(试行)》(2011年)要求的卫生室占83.7%、15.5%、15.3%、4.6%、27.3%。影响卫生室出版宣传栏期数达标的因素有卫生室是否承担基本公共卫生服务、卫生室是否拥有宣传栏、医务人员是否接受过健康教育培训、医务人员数量、卫生室经营属性等5项,影响卫生室发放资料种类达标的因素有卫生室是否承担基本公共卫生服务、医务人员是否接受过健康教育培训、卫生室服务人口等3项。6.村卫生室开展健康教育的阻碍因素:从访谈了解到,阻碍村卫生室开展健康教育的因素包括:管理制度不顺畅、考核流于形式、基本公共卫生补助不够吸引力、管理机构及村卫生室相关人员存在重医轻防的观念、医务人员能力及人手不足、村民健康意识薄弱。结论:1.村卫生室开展健康教育服务的工作量不足。2.村卫生室开展健康教育服务的影响因素包括镇村卫生服务一体化管理的模式、绩效考核制度、公共卫生服务补助制度、医务人员数量及能力、硬件设施、村民参与度。3.村卫生室医务人员开展健康教育服务的意愿较高,但能力不足。4.村卫生室健康教育服务设施配置率较低。建议:1.加快紧密型镇村卫生服务一体化管理进程,完善考核及补偿机制。2.调整医务人员结构,加强培训,提高医务人员开展健康教育的能力。3.加大投入,提高村卫生室健康教育服务设施配置率。4.充分利用诊疗服务平台,规范个体化健康教育服务。
[Abstract]:Objective: the purpose of this study is to analyze the status of the development of village health rooms in Guangzhou and the status of health education service, and to analyze the influencing factors of health education service in village health rooms, and put forward the countermeasures to promote health education in village health rooms in Guangzhou, in order to improve the quality of health education service in village health rooms and promote health education in rural areas. Policy basis. Methods: using the unified design questionnaire, using the census method, carry out the village health room investigation, the village health room medical staff questionnaire survey, and interview the city (District) health care Bureau, the city (District) Health Education Institute, the town health hospital, the village health room key personnel. The situation, the configuration of health education facilities, the current situation of human resources, the health education service, the attitude of health education and the knowledge of health education, and so on. Using the Logistic regression analysis method to analyze the influencing factors of the situation of the publication of the village public health room, the issue of the village health room. Epidata3.1 data entry and SPSS21.0 were used for data entry and statistical analysis. Results: the general situation of the 1. village health rooms: the village health rooms were mainly owned by the village group, accounting for 72%, followed by the township hospitals, and half of the rural areas in the Guangzhou city of Guangzhou implemented the close Township village sanitary clothes. Integration management, half of the basic Township and village health service integration management. The proportion of basic public health services is 86.6%.2. health education facilities allocation: health education propaganda column of Guangzhou village health room, publicity material display, computer, video broadcasting equipment, health education area in farm book house and other health areas. The educational facilities allocation rate is 93%, 72.4%, 75.9%, 22.5%, 94.8%.3. village health room medical personnel constitute: the sex ratio of men and women is 1:0.7; age is between 20-82 years old, 30-39 years old, 32.3%, 60 years old, accounting for 29.8%; education with secondary school, 50.5%; specialized industry with the highest proportion of Western medicine, accounting for 1.3%, 0.6%, only about 1.3%, 0.6% medicine. The staff did not learn the medicine; the title of the professional title was mainly rural doctor qualification, accounting for 58.8%. The staff of the rank of professional titles accounted for the health education attitude of the 38.8%.4. village health service staff and the knowledge mastery: 89.8% people thought that the health education service of the health care room was necessary for the people to carry out health education service in the process of diagnosis and treatment.19. The people of.6% believe that people who have the ability to carry out health education service.51.0% in the process of diagnosis and treatment have the ability to carry out health education lectures for villagers. The proportion of health promotion steps, health education forms, health education communication mode, health education communication effect and health behavior are 8.4%, 20.2%, 0.9%, 46.1%, 18.3%.5., respectively. Village health room health education service status: most village health rooms only cooperate to do some simple health education work, for example, the issue of publicity materials and the development of individual health education in.2013 has not carried out lectures, consulting, playing video and other project work of 38.7%, 37.1%, 80.4%.94.2% medical staff once targeted patients. The medical staff who had carried out the individualized health education service.43.9% gave the villagers a lecture on health education, published the number of publicity columns in.2013, carried out the number of lectures, carried out the number of consultations, played video categories, and the distribution of information reached the requirements of the implementation scheme of performance assessment (Trial) of the Guangzhou Municipal Health Institute and the village health station (Trial) > (2011). The health rooms accounted for 83.7%, 15.5%, 15.3%, 4.6%. The factors affecting the number of publishers in the public health room were the basic public health services, whether the health room had the publicity column, whether the medical staff had received health education and training, the number of medical staff, and the management attributes of the health room, which affected the distribution of data in the health room. The factors of the standard are whether the health room is responsible for the basic public health services, whether the medical staff have received health education and training, the health room service population and other 3.6. village health rooms to carry out health education impeding factors: from the interview, the factors that impede the health education in the village health room include: the management system is not smooth and the assessment is in the form, The basic public health subsidy is not attractive, the management institutions and the village health room related personnel have the concept of heavy medicine and light prevention, medical staff ability and manpower shortage, and the villagers' health consciousness is weak. Conclusion: the workload of health education service in the 1. village health rooms is insufficient. The influence factors of the health education service in the.2. village health room include the town village health service. The mode of integrated management, the performance appraisal system, the public health service subsidy system, the number and ability of medical staff, the hardware facilities, the villagers' participation in the health education service of the village health room in.3. village are higher, but the ability of the health education service facilities in the village health room of.4. is low. It is suggested that 1. be accelerated. The integrated management process of health service in the village and village, perfect the examination and compensation mechanism.2. adjust the structure of medical staff, strengthen the training, improve the health education ability of medical staff, increase the input of.3., improve the allocation rate of health education service facilities in the village health room, and make full use of the service platform of diagnosis and treatment, and standardize the individual health education service.
【学位授予单位】：广东药科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R197.62
[Abstract]:Objective: the purpose of this study is to analyze the status of the development of village health rooms in Guangzhou and the status of health education service, and to analyze the influencing factors of health education service in village health rooms, and put forward the countermeasures to promote health education in village health rooms in Guangzhou, in order to improve the quality of health education service in village health rooms and promote health education in rural areas. Policy basis. Methods: using the unified design questionnaire, using the census method, carry out the village health room investigation, the village health room medical staff questionnaire survey, and interview the city (District) health care Bureau, the city (District) Health Education Institute, the town health hospital, the village health room key personnel. The situation, the configuration of health education facilities, the current situation of human resources, the health education service, the attitude of health education and the knowledge of health education, and so on. Using the Logistic regression analysis method to analyze the influencing factors of the situation of the publication of the village public health room, the issue of the village health room. Epidata3.1 data entry and SPSS21.0 were used for data entry and statistical analysis. Results: the general situation of the 1. village health rooms: the village health rooms were mainly owned by the village group, accounting for 72%, followed by the township hospitals, and half of the rural areas in the Guangzhou city of Guangzhou implemented the close Township village sanitary clothes. Integration management, half of the basic Township and village health service integration management. The proportion of basic public health services is 86.6%.2. health education facilities allocation: health education propaganda column of Guangzhou village health room, publicity material display, computer, video broadcasting equipment, health education area in farm book house and other health areas. The educational facilities allocation rate is 93%, 72.4%, 75.9%, 22.5%, 94.8%.3. village health room medical personnel constitute: the sex ratio of men and women is 1:0.7; age is between 20-82 years old, 30-39 years old, 32.3%, 60 years old, accounting for 29.8%; education with secondary school, 50.5%; specialized industry with the highest proportion of Western medicine, accounting for 1.3%, 0.6%, only about 1.3%, 0.6% medicine. The staff did not learn the medicine; the title of the professional title was mainly rural doctor qualification, accounting for 58.8%. The staff of the rank of professional titles accounted for the health education attitude of the 38.8%.4. village health service staff and the knowledge mastery: 89.8% people thought that the health education service of the health care room was necessary for the people to carry out health education service in the process of diagnosis and treatment.19. The people of.6% believe that people who have the ability to carry out health education service.51.0% in the process of diagnosis and treatment have the ability to carry out health education lectures for villagers. The proportion of health promotion steps, health education forms, health education communication mode, health education communication effect and health behavior are 8.4%, 20.2%, 0.9%, 46.1%, 18.3%.5., respectively. Village health room health education service status: most village health rooms only cooperate to do some simple health education work, for example, the issue of publicity materials and the development of individual health education in.2013 has not carried out lectures, consulting, playing video and other project work of 38.7%, 37.1%, 80.4%.94.2% medical staff once targeted patients. The medical staff who had carried out the individualized health education service.43.9% gave the villagers a lecture on health education, published the number of publicity columns in.2013, carried out the number of lectures, carried out the number of consultations, played video categories, and the distribution of information reached the requirements of the implementation scheme of performance assessment (Trial) of the Guangzhou Municipal Health Institute and the village health station (Trial) > (2011). The health rooms accounted for 83.7%, 15.5%, 15.3%, 4.6%. The factors affecting the number of publishers in the public health room were the basic public health services, whether the health room had the publicity column, whether the medical staff had received health education and training, the number of medical staff, and the management attributes of the health room, which affected the distribution of data in the health room. The factors of the standard are whether the health room is responsible for the basic public health services, whether the medical staff have received health education and training, the health room service population and other 3.6. village health rooms to carry out health education impeding factors: from the interview, the factors that impede the health education in the village health room include: the management system is not smooth and the assessment is in the form, The basic public health subsidy is not attractive, the management institutions and the village health room related personnel have the concept of heavy medicine and light prevention, medical staff ability and manpower shortage, and the villagers' health consciousness is weak. Conclusion: the workload of health education service in the 1. village health rooms is insufficient. The influence factors of the health education service in the.2. village health room include the town village health service. The mode of integrated management, the performance appraisal system, the public health service subsidy system, the number and ability of medical staff, the hardware facilities, the villagers' participation in the health education service of the village health room in.3. village are higher, but the ability of the health education service facilities in the village health room of.4. is low. It is suggested that 1. be accelerated. The integrated management process of health service in the village and village, perfect the examination and compensation mechanism.2. adjust the structure of medical staff, strengthen the training, improve the health education ability of medical staff, increase the input of.3., improve the allocation rate of health education service facilities in the village health room, and make full use of the service platform of diagnosis and treatment, and standardize the individual health education service.
【学位授予单位】：广东药科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R197.62
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相关期刊论文 前10条
1 耿倩影;吴龙辉;陶建秀;;结合上海市金山区现状谈农村健康教育问题及对策[J];中国健康教育;2016年12期
2 刘耀光;;传染病预防控制健康教育的基本原则和注意事项[J];中国医药指南;2016年34期
3 路彬;宋巧;文轶;康Y，
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