变革型领导、组织创新氛围与新产品开发绩效的研究

发布时间：2018-08-03 16:19

【摘要】：企业经营环境的变化给新产品开发提出了挑战。随着经济全球化的加速,科技创新和经济飞速发展在2 1世纪表现得越来越极致,也为经济全球化及技术变革起到推波助澜的作用,围绕产品创新的企业竞争环境也越来越激烈。只有创新产品,才能持续满足客户“个性”诉求,在变幻的市场获取竞争优势。变革型领导无论从性格、心理、情绪、勇气、挑战性等方面都有着一种天然的敏锐性,对客户的需求、竞争对手、政策等都有着极强的嗅觉。如果要将产品创新与员工的创造力在更大范围、更深程度、更高层次上融合,那么变革型领导既要“顶天” ',努力激发员工突破核心关键技术,勇攀科技创新高峰,又要“立地”,将产品创新成果转化为生产力,而这些创新需要土壤——组织创新氛围。在知识经济和产业升级的时代背景下,充分释放科技人才创新能力,并使之形成新的产品是企业持续稳定发展的法宝。为了切实可行地提升新产品开发绩效,本项目从变革型领导风格出发,以组织创新氛围为中介考察新产品开发绩效的作用机理,构建情景模拟平台,分析影响新产品开发绩效的因素,并从变革型领导风格特征对组织创新氛围作用力效果,哪些风格因子与组织创新氛围有明显正相关?组织创新氛围因子与新产品创新有哪些关联?公司制度及资源配置等层面如何为营造正面的组织创新氛围提供可行方案。本文从变革型领导风格出发,通过问卷调查和结构方程模型的方法,以组织创新氛围为中介,分析变革型领导风格特征对组织创新氛围作用力效果。通过实证研究表明:(1)变革型领导由德行垂范、领导魅力、愿景激励、领导关怀等四个维度构成;(2)德行垂范对于新产品开发绩效直接影响不显着,通过中介变量组织创新氛围的有些影响,但其综合影响效应不显着;(3)领导魅力、愿景激励和领导关怀对新产品开发绩效直接影响显着,同时,组织创新氛围起到部分中介作用,但影响效应比较微弱。根据本文前面的研究,得到的管理启示是:(1)关注变革型领导对新产品开发绩效的直接提升作用。变革型领导的领导魅力、愿景激励、个性化关怀能对新产品开发绩效产生直接的正向影响。因此,从这三个方面着手进行改进可以有效提升新产品开发绩效。(2)重视组织创新氛围的中介作用。要构建自由、开放的组织环境,加强对创新的组织支持,鼓励团队合作,关心员工的学习与成长,充分激发员工的创新能力。(3)定位德行垂范维度的价值意义。领导者的德行垂范可以通过辅助塑造正直、公平的组织氛围激励员工的创新行为,形成组织创新氛围从而对新产品开发绩效产生间接的正向影响。本文的主要创新点:(1)完善了指标体系。本研究在原来较成熟的量表基础上,结合本研究的主题以及时代背景、经营模式、开发创新的考核机制、员工及领导行为特征,经过专家的讨论以及问卷的预测调研,对测量量表进行信度和效度分析,形成了较为完善与适合的指标评价体系。(2)揭示了变革型领导、组织创新氛围和新产品开发绩效之间的作用机制。通过结构方程模型实证研究发现,领导魅力、愿景激励、领导关怀对新产品开发绩效的直接影响非常显着,但德行垂范对于新产品开发绩效不具有直接影响。这和之前研究有较大不同,说明在变革型领导人品好与新产品开发绩效间没有太大关系;组织创新氛围对新产品开发绩效显着,然而组织创新氛围在变革型领导与新产品开发绩效之间的中介效应比较微弱,这和前人研究结论也有差别。说明变革型领导更喜欢凭借自己进取心、创新意识及过硬的业务能力,用愿景激励、关心下属的方式去直接促进新产品开发绩效,而较少关注通过组织创新氛围的营造进而间接促进新产品开发;(3)以往研究变革型领导与新产品开发绩效关系多采用线性回归方法,该方法在处理复杂的变量关系,特别是非线性结构及潜变量关系时,处理数据时常显得困难,其结论的稳定性和可靠性往往受到较大的影响。而本研究主要采用结构方程模型的方法,克服了回归研究方法的不足,使得变革型领导、组织创新氛围和新产品开发绩效等潜变量的非线结构关系通过构划模型图及估计模型拟合数据的方式,比较直观、明晰地呈现。同时考虑了自变量、因变量、中介变量的误差,其结论更为可靠。因此,将该方法应用于该主题研究具有一定的创新性。本研究还存在很多方面的局限性,例如,本研究样本来源不够宽泛,主要集中在9家高新企业的员工及其主管,没有体现出行业、地区差异;模型的构建相对简单,只对变革型领导、组织创新氛围和新产品开发绩效的作用机制进行了分析,而对于顾客参与、领导个人特征等调节变量还未更深入探讨。
[Abstract]:The changes in business environment have challenged the development of new products. With the acceleration of economic globalization, scientific and technological innovation and rapid economic development are becoming more and more extreme in twenty-first Century. It also plays an important role in economic globalization and technological change, and the competitive environment around product innovation is becoming more and more intense. Products can continue to meet the customer's "personality" appeal and gain competitive advantage in a changing market. Transformational leadership has a natural acuity in terms of character, psychology, emotion, courage and challenge. It has a strong sense of smell for customers' needs, competitors, policies and so on. In a larger, deeper, and higher level integration, the transformational leadership is not only "at the top of the day", but also tries to stimulate the staff to break through the core key technologies, to climb the peak of scientific and technological innovation, and to "site", to transform the product innovation results into productive forces, and these innovations need the soil organization innovation atmosphere. In the knowledge economy and industry, the innovation needs to be promoted. Under the background of the times, fully releasing the innovation ability of scientific and technological talents and forming new products are the magic weapon for the continuous and stable development of the enterprises. In order to improve the performance of the new product development, this project starts from the transformational leadership style and takes the organizational innovation atmosphere as an intermediary to examine the mechanism of the new product development performance and constructs the situation. The simulation platform analyzes the factors that affect the performance of the new product development, and the effect of the transformational leadership style on the organizational innovation atmosphere, which style factors have a clear positive correlation with the organizational innovation atmosphere? What are the links between the organizational innovation atmosphere factor and the new product innovation? How to create the positive side of the public system and the resource allocation From the transformational leadership style, this paper, through the method of questionnaire survey and structural equation model, takes the organizational innovation atmosphere as the intermediary, analyzes the effect of the transformational leadership style on the organizational innovation atmosphere. Through the empirical study, it is shown that (1) the transformational leadership is the model of virtue, leading charm, There are four dimensions of vision incentive, leadership care and so on; (2) the direct influence of moral behavior on the performance of new product development is not obvious, and there is some influence on the innovation atmosphere through intermediary variables, but its comprehensive influence effect is not obvious; (3) leadership charm, vision incentive and leadership care have direct influence on new product development performance, and organization creation The new atmosphere plays a part of intermediary role, but the influence effect is weak. According to the previous research, the management inspiration is: (1) pay attention to the direct promotion of the transformational leadership to the new product development performance. The leadership charm of the transformational leadership, the vision incentive, and the individualized mind can have a direct and positive influence on the performance of the new product development. Therefore, the improvement from these three aspects can effectively improve the performance of the new product development. (2) pay attention to the intermediary role of the organizational innovation atmosphere. To build a free and open organizational environment, strengthen the organizational support for innovation, encourage team cooperation, care for the employees' learning and growth, and fully stimulate the creative ability of the employees. (3) positioning virtue and Hang Hang. The value meaning of Fan Weidu. The leader's virtues can make an indirect and positive effect on the performance of new product development by creating a fair organizational atmosphere to encourage the employees' innovative behavior and forming the organizational innovation atmosphere. The main innovation of this paper is as follows: (1) the index system has been perfected. This research is in a more mature scale. On the basis of the subject and the background of the study, the management model, the evaluation mechanism of the development of innovation, the characteristics of the staff and the leadership behavior, the reliability and validity of the measurement scale are analyzed by the experts' discussion and the questionnaire, and a more perfect and suitable index evaluation system has been formed. (2) the transformational leadership is revealed. It is found that the direct influence of leadership charm, vision incentive and leadership care on the performance of new product development is very obvious through the empirical study of structural equation model, but the moral behavior has no direct impact on the performance of new product development, which is quite different from previous research. There is not much relationship between the quality of transformational leadership and the performance of new product development; the organizational innovation atmosphere is significant to the performance of the new product development. However, the intermediary effect between the organizational innovation atmosphere and the performance of the new product development is weak, which is also different from the previous research conclusions. Enterprising, innovative awareness and excellent business ability, using vision incentive, and caring about subordinates to directly promote new product development performance, and less attention through the creation of organizational innovation atmosphere to indirectly promote the development of new products; (3) in the past, the relationship between transformational leadership and new product development performance is mostly linear regression method. Methods to deal with complex variables, especially nonlinear structures and latent variables, it is often difficult to deal with data. The stability and reliability of its conclusions are often greatly influenced. This study mainly uses the method of structural equation model to overcome the insufficiency of the regression research method and make the transformational leadership and organizational innovation. The non linear structure of the latent variables such as the atmosphere and the performance of new product development is more intuitionistic and clearer by the way of modeling and estimating the model of the model. At the same time, the results are more reliable by considering the error of independent variables, dependent variables and intermediate variables. Therefore, the application of this method to the study of the subject is more innovative. There are many limitations in this study. For example, the source of this study is not wide enough, mainly in the 9 high-tech enterprises and their supervisors, which do not reflect the industrial and regional differences; the model is relatively simple, and the mechanism of the transformational leadership, the organizational innovation atmosphere and the new product development performance is analyzed. For customers' participation, the moderating variables such as leader's personal characteristics have not been further explored.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F272.91;F273.2

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