广东省基本公共服务均等化研究

发布时间：2018-09-16 20:59

【摘要】：为了加快城乡统筹步伐,缩小区域发展差距,实现基本公共服务均等化已经成为构建和谐社会的重要支撑。中央和地方政府对其高度重视,并出台了一系列有针对性的政策措施。此外,“十一五”规划还将“均等化”作为基本公共服务供给的重大战略目标之一。2009年12月,广东省政府颁布《广东省基本公共服务均等化规划纲要(2009-2020年)》,提出按照全面规划、重点突破的原则,分阶段在全省范围内积极推进基本公共服务均等化,逐步建立布局合理、功能多样、水平适度的基本公共服务供给体系,让全省人民都能公平等享受到基本公共服务均等化的发展成果,提高全省人民的总体福利水平。本文主要的研究内容是通过测量2005-2014年之间广东省基本公共服务均等化差异变动、区域间的均等化差异变动以及目前的基本公共服务水平来研究广东省基本公共服务均等化的现状和存在的问题。从研究结果来看,从2009年开始广东省基本公共服务均等化差异在逐年缩小,但区域间的差异在逐年升高,且交通设施和社会保障的差异相对较高。对广东省出台的一系列促进均等化发展的相关政策进行总结分析后,本文发现导致以上问题的原因主要有三点:首先,是当前的二元结构造成基本公共服务供给不均衡;其次,是由于财政非均衡机制的限制导致基本公共服务非均等化;最后,是由于基本公共服务均等化项目进程推动不完善,试点范围较小。进而,本文对此提出以下改进建议:首先,应从立法方面下手,完善财政体制以及财政供给方式,针对基本公共服务发展的薄弱环节,着力调整财政支出结构,构建基本公共服务发展重点与财政保障重点动态互动调整机制;其次,可以从创新角度出发,建立基本公共服务多元化供给方式,关注公众需求,完善基本公共服务配置标准;最后,需要完善基本公共服务均等化监督及绩效评估机制,构建与绩效相关的鼓励政策,继续深化公共服务领域改革,进一步提升基本公共服务的效率和质量,提高公众的满意度。通过此次研究有针对性的对广东省公共服务均等化进程提出相关的政策优化建议,可以加快广东省实现公共服务均等化的步伐,并给其他省份乃至全国提出可参考的意见。
[Abstract]:In order to accelerate the pace of urban and rural planning, reduce the regional development gap, and realize the equalization of basic public services, it has become an important support for the construction of a harmonious society. Central and local governments attach great importance to it, and issued a series of targeted policy measures. In addition, the 11th Five-Year Plan also regards "equalization" as one of the major strategic goals in the provision of basic public services. In December 2009, the Guangdong Provincial Government promulgated the outline of the Plan for Equalization of basic Public Services in Guangdong Province (2009-2020), proposing that it should be in accordance with the overall plan. The principle of key breakthroughs is to actively promote equalization of basic public services throughout the province in stages, and gradually establish a system of supply of basic public services with reasonable layout, diverse functions, and appropriate level. So that the people of the whole province can enjoy the development fruits of equalization of basic public services equitably, and improve the overall welfare level of the people of the whole province. The main research content of this paper is to measure the change of basic public service equalization difference between 2005 and 2014 in Guangdong Province. This paper studies the current situation and existing problems of the equalization of basic public services in Guangdong Province by the changes of regional equalization differences and the current level of basic public services. From the results of the study, the difference of basic public service equalization in Guangdong Province has been decreasing year by year since 2009, but the regional difference is increasing year by year, and the difference of transportation facilities and social security is relatively high. After summing up and analyzing a series of policies to promote equalization, this paper finds that there are three main reasons for the above problems: first, the current dual structure causes the imbalance in the supply of basic public services; secondly, It is due to the restriction of financial disequilibrium mechanism that the basic public service is not equalized. Finally, the process of the basic public service equalization project is not perfect, and the scope of the pilot project is relatively small. Then, this paper puts forward the following suggestions: first, we should start with legislation, perfect the financial system and the mode of fiscal supply, and focus on adjusting the structure of fiscal expenditure in view of the weak links of the development of basic public services. Secondly, we can set up the diversified supply mode of basic public service from the angle of innovation, pay attention to the public demand, perfect the standard of basic public service allocation. Finally, we need to improve the mechanism of equalization supervision and performance evaluation of basic public services, construct performance-related incentive policies, continue to deepen the reform of public services, and further improve the efficiency and quality of basic public services. Improve public satisfaction. Through this study, the author puts forward relevant policy optimization suggestions on the process of equalization of public service in Guangdong Province, which can accelerate the pace of realizing the equalization of public service in Guangdong Province, and put forward some suggestions for reference to other provinces and even to the whole country.
【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D630

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