创业网络对新创企业绩效的影响研究

发布时间：2018-10-14 20:37

【摘要】：创业环境的不断完善,伴随创业热潮的不断升温,带动创业机会的不断增加,创业观点越来越受到国家的关注与支持,创业活动也因此成为当今学者讨论的热点话题。年轻的创业家在各国的影响力越来越大,根据硅谷著名天使投资人康韦(Ron Conway)对超过500家初创企业的调查发现,在市场价值超过5亿美元的初创企业中,有67%的创始人创办企业时年纪都低于30岁。根据新闻数据显示,2014年我国公布的新一轮“大学生创业引领计划”中,将力争在4年内引领80万大学生创业。然而,年轻人大胆创业也并非易事,当创业遇到商业化模式的堆叠,传统王牌企业的阻挡,投资理念偏执的冒进,也让新创企业的绩效蒙上了一层阴影。本研究将从新创企业的网络关系视角下,展开学习能力对企业绩效影响和创业网络对企业绩效影响的深入研究,本文拟采用文献探讨、理论分析、实证问卷研究和深度访谈相结合的方法对创业网络中结构与能力对新创企业学习能力及绩效的影响进行研究。在对辽宁省营口市商圈进行实地调研的基础上,本文将具体分析创业网络对于新创企业组织学习能力的作用机制,着重强调学习能力对于新创企业绩效的作用机制,创业网络对于新创企业绩效的直接影响机制,剖析影响绩效的深层原因。分析创业网络与新企业绩效的直接关系,并从过程视角研究新创企业组织学习能力对创业网络和企业绩效关系的中介作用。其中创业网络将其按照特性分为创业网络规模和创业网络强度。网络规模是指网络成员的数量总和,即衡量的是网络的大小,网络规模的大小决定了企业可以获取资源的丰裕程度;网络强度是指网络中互动频率、情感强度、信任程度和互惠服务程度的强弱。创业者的网络能力具体包括创业者的个人经历和家族背景。通过创业网络情况作用于学习能力,学习可以分为探索式与利用式两种：探索式学习是通过搜索、试验、创新的方式进行的学习行为,而利用式学习是通过筛选、精炼、执行的方式进行的学习行为。通过学习能力的提升,帮助新创企业提高绩效水平。从理论角度看,对新创企业中学习能力的重要作用进行分析,综合国内外的相关研究成果对创业网络、新创企业学习能力内涵进行了界定。剖析学习能力对新创企业网络和创业绩效的影响,对于我国经济发展、鼓励大学生创业等社会革新提供理论依据。从实践角度看共有以下三点重要作用：(1)良好的网络关系通过企业有效的进行组织学习,能力的提升可以减少新创企业在扩张中的阻力障碍,无论是从社会资本层面,还是经济资源层面。所以在新企业的成长与扩张阶段,拥有良好的网络关系是无比关键的。(2)研究新创企业学习能力作为中介作用,运用崭新模型和问卷调查进行研究,不仅有益于创业者个人收入利润的增加,更是惠及社会大众的总体经济水平。(3)研究创业网络对新创企业学习能力及绩效的影响,有利于实现辽宁省营口市当地新创企业更好的发展,实现可持续发展的长期目标。本研究的在进行了深入文献理论梳理后,将创业网络、新创企业学习能力与绩效影响相连接创建了理论模型。根据模型中的各个变量要素设计问卷验证假设,运用IBM SPSS Statistics Version 19.0与AMOS软件完成相关分析,对研究模型进行验证说明,得出最终研究结论与建议。本研究的结果显示,新创企业的网络规模与强度可以直接正向影响新创企业的学习能力,学习能力中分为利用性和探索性技术创新,然而实证表明新创企业网络的规模对于探索性技术创新的学习能力影响并不明显,这就说明并不是创业网络规模越大探索性创新能力就越强；另一方面,新创企业的创业者能力也可以正向影响新创企业的学习能力。在新创企业学习能力视角来看,新创企业的学习能力确实可以正向影响新创企业绩效,促使企业在竞争中处于领先地位。本研究主要的创新点共有三点：(1)目前有较多学者进行了创业网络及创业绩效的研究,但很少有学者将这两者用学习能力作为中间变量作为牵引,为’此本研究在相关理论分析的基础上,将深入研究创业网络对新创企业学习能力的影响,从而影响创业网络绩效。(2)创业网络方面的研究较多,不少学者也探讨了创业网络的基本特点,但是此次研究将其具体划分进行考虑,设计新颖的针对中小型创新企业学习能力度量的问卷,并进行了实证分析。(3)本文将结合辽宁省营口市商圈的实际情况,具体定量分析创业网络绩效。营口市作为辽东湾经济区中心城市与现代服务业的中心,已成为中国经济社会发展最快的城市之一,具有自身的独特性。关于创业网络的绩效影响研究较多,有从创业网络跨度、创业网络规模、创业网络环境等方面进行研究,但是很少有从区域角度进行探讨。“熟人社会”是中国传统社会的特殊标签,其中尤为显著的特点就是人与人之间有着一种私人网络关系,形成一种按照亲疏远近差别对待的“差序格局”网络关系。这种复杂多变的网络关系就类似植物的“根茎”,为新创企业输送源源不断的“生命养料”。新创企业若想在激烈的产业竞争中站稳脚跟,就必须学会依靠网络关系,凭借技术科学、创新探索的学习,丰满企业资源,提供差异化服务与产品,缩短新创企业与王牌企业的竞争距离。
[Abstract]:The continuous improvement of the entrepreneurial environment, accompanied by the rising of the entrepreneurial upsurge, has led to the continuous increase of entrepreneurial opportunities, and the idea of entrepreneurship is becoming more and more concerned and supported by the state, and the entrepreneurial activity has become a hot topic discussed by scholars today. Young entrepreneurs have become more powerful in countries, according to Ron Conway, a famous Silicon Valley angel, found that 67% of start-ups with more than $500 million in the market value are younger than 30 years old. According to the news data, the new round of China's announcement in 2014 Enterprise Leading Plan for College Students China will strive to lead 800,000 college students in four years. However, it is not easy for young people to start their own business. When entrepreneurship encounters the stacking of commercial models, the blocking of traditional trump card enterprises, the paranoid of investment philosophy, and the performance of Xinchuang enterprise is covered by a layer of shadow. In this paper, from the perspective of network relation of Xinchuang enterprise, the study of the influence of learning ability on the performance of enterprises and the influence of entrepreneurship network on the performance of enterprises is studied. The method of combination of empirical questionnaire research and depth interview is to study the influence of structure and ability on learning ability and performance of Xinchuang enterprise. On the basis of conducting field investigation on the commercial circle of Yingkou City, Liaoning Province, this paper will analyze the mechanism of the entrepreneurial network's action mechanism on the organizational learning ability of Xinchuang enterprise, and emphasize the mechanism of learning ability on the performance of Xinchuang enterprise. On the basis of the direct impact mechanism of entrepreneurship network on the performance of Xinchuang enterprise, this paper analyzes the deep causes of impact performance. This paper analyzes the direct relationship between the entrepreneurial network and the performance of the new enterprise, and studies the intermediary role of the new enterprise's organizational learning ability on the entrepreneurship network and the enterprise performance relationship from the perspective of process. in which an entrepreneurial network divides it into an entrepreneurial network scale and an entrepreneurial network strength according to characteristics. The network scale refers to the sum of the number of network members, that is, the size of the network, the size of the network scale determines the abundance of resources available to the enterprise, and the network strength refers to the strength of the interaction frequency, the emotional strength, the degree of trust and the degree of mutual service in the network. The network capacity of entrepreneurs specifically includes the individual experience and family background of entrepreneurs. The study can be divided into two types: search, experiment and innovation, while learning is the learning behavior carried out by screening, refining and executing. Through the promotion of learning ability, it is helpful to improve the performance level of Xinchuang enterprise. From the theoretical point of view, the paper analyzes the important role of learning ability in Xinchuang enterprise, and defines the connotation of the learning ability of the newly created enterprise based on the relevant research results both at home and abroad. This paper analyzes the influence of learning ability on the network and entrepreneurship performance of Xinchuang enterprise, and provides the theoretical basis for the social innovation of our country's economic development and the encouragement of university students' entrepreneurship. From the practical point of view, there are three important roles: (1) the good network relationship is effectively organized and learning through the enterprise, and the promotion of ability can reduce the resistance barrier of Xinchuang enterprise in the expansion, both from the social capital level and the economic resource level. Therefore, it is critical to have good network relations at the stage of growth and expansion of new enterprises. (2) To study the learning ability of Xinchuang enterprise as an intermediary, and use the brand-new model and questionnaire to study, not only benefit the increase of personal income profit of the entrepreneur, but also benefit the general economic level of the social public. (3) To study the influence of pioneering network on learning ability and performance of Xinchuang enterprise, which is helpful to realize the better development of local Xinchuang enterprise in Yingkou City, Liaoning Province, and realize the long-term goal of sustainable development. After studying in-depth literature theory, this paper establishes a theoretical model for the connection between the entrepreneurial network, the learning ability of Xinchuang enterprise and the effect of performance. According to each variable element design questionnaire validation hypothesis in the model, using the IBM SPSS Statistics Version 19. 0 and the AMOS software to complete the correlation analysis, the research model is validated and the final research conclusion and suggestion are obtained. The results show that the network scale and strength of Xinchuang enterprise can directly influence the learning ability and learning ability of Xinchuang enterprise. However, it is not obvious that the scale of Xinchuang enterprise network is not obvious to the learning ability of exploratory technology innovation, which means that the larger the scale of the startup network is, the stronger the innovation ability is, and on the other hand, The entrepreneur ability of Xinchuang enterprise can also influence the learning ability of Xinchuang enterprise. From the perspective of learning ability of Xinchuang enterprise, the learning ability of Xinchuang enterprise can positively influence the performance of Xinchuang enterprise and lead the enterprise to be in the leading position in competition. The main innovation points in this study are three points: (1) At present, more scholars have carried out the research on entrepreneurship network and entrepreneurship performance, but few scholars take the learning ability as the intermediate variable as the middle variable as the traction. On the basis of relevant theoretical analysis, this study will deeply study the influence of pioneering network on learning ability of Xinchuang enterprise, thus influencing the performance of entrepreneurship network. (2) The research on entrepreneurship network is much more, many scholars also discuss the basic characteristics of entrepreneurship network, but this research takes into account its specific division, designs a novel questionnaire aiming at the measure of learning ability of small and medium-sized innovation enterprises, and makes an empirical analysis. (3) According to the actual situation of the commercial circle in Yingkou City, Liaoning Province, the performance of entrepreneurship network is analyzed quantitatively. Yingkou, as the center of the central city of Liaodong Bay Economic Zone and modern service industry, has become one of the fastest-developing cities in China and has its own uniqueness. There are many studies on the performance impact of start-up network, and it has been researched from the aspects of entrepreneurship network span, entrepreneurship network scale, entrepreneurship network environment and so on. However, it is seldom discussed from the regional perspective. acquaintance society "It is the special label of Chinese traditional society, especially the characteristic that there is a private network relation between man and man, which forms a kind of" difference sequence pattern "Network relationship. The complex and varied network relationships are similar to those of plants" rhizome" It's a continuous supply of new enterprises. "life nourishment". In order to gain firm foothold in the fierce competition of industry, Xinchuang enterprises must learn to rely on network relations, and rely on the study of technology science, innovation and exploration, full enterprise resources, provide differentiated services and products, and shorten the competition distance between Xinchuang enterprise and trump enterprise.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F279.2;F272.5

【相似文献】