特别减轻制度司法适用的实证研究
发布时间：2018-10-25 17:18
【摘要】：特别减轻制度对实现罪刑均衡与量刑公正具有重要的意义,但是该制度在司法适用中的运行状态并未如预想般顺利,呈现被虚置的困境。因此开展破除特别减轻制度司法运行障碍、恢复其应有生命活力的营救工作尤为紧迫。本文通过对核准适用特别减轻处罚的案例的具体适用情况进行实证研究,揭露该制度处于适用困境的根源。一方面,制度适用条件的规定过于抽象。"案件特殊情况"标准模糊,不利于审判人员认定和裁断;法定刑以下量刑幅度标准不一,判决结果难以做到统一协调;另一方面,复核程序的规定不甚合理。收归核准权的规定过于严苛,导致该制度的运行成本过高;复核范围、期限等规定的缺失,无法实现实体与程序的良性互动;同时,受制于重刑观念和法院内部的绩效考核机制,特别减轻制度于夹缝中生存,实属不易!特别减轻制度司法适用的学理反思旨在对该制度司法适用反映在实体和程序上的不足进行理论上的讨论批判,在对该制度的理论功能价值进行肯定的基础上,对争议问题各方观点进行比较分析,得到有助于完善特别减轻制度的回应。完善特别减轻制度的出路在于对该制度的适用规则补充设置,首先从制度本身出发,典型"案件特殊情况"公布指导,增补相应的减轻处罚量刑规则,规范核准程序中复核期限、改判权等的设置,这样才能化解制度过于笼统难以把握适用的弊端,增加制度运行的可行性。其次,特别减轻制度最大限度的适用仍需要相应完善的配套程序的辅助,严格规范裁判适用及复核理由、设定监督制约的审查制度以及建立案例数据库,如此才能保障该制度符合立法精神的适用功效,释放出特别减轻制度应有生命活力。
[Abstract]:Especially the system of lightening is of great significance to realize the balance of crime and punishment and the justice of sentencing, but the operating state of the system in the judicial application is not as smooth as expected, showing the dilemma of being fictitious. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out the rescue work to break down the system's judicial obstacles and restore its vitality. In this paper, the author makes an empirical study on the specific application of the case of approving the application of special mitigated punishment, and reveals the root of the difficulty in the application of the system. On the one hand, the provisions of the conditions for application of the system are too abstract. " The standard of the special circumstances of the case is vague, which is not conducive to the determination and adjudication of the judge; the standard of the sentencing range below the statutory penalty is different, and the result of the judgment is difficult to be unified and coordinated; on the other hand, the provisions of the review procedure are not very reasonable. The stipulation of relegation to approval power is too strict, which leads to the excessive operating cost of the system; the absence of the provisions on the scope and duration of review, etc., which can not realize the benign interaction between entity and procedure; at the same time, Restricted by the concept of heavy punishment and the performance evaluation mechanism within the court, especially to alleviate the system in the gap to survive, is not easy! In particular, the theoretical reflection of reducing the judicial application of the system is aimed at criticizing theoretically the deficiencies reflected in the judicial application of the system in substance and procedure, and on the basis of affirming the theoretical functional value of the system. A comparative analysis of the views of the parties involved in the dispute is made, which is helpful to improve the special mitigation system. The way out to perfect the special mitigation system is to supplement the applicable rules of the system. First of all, from the system itself, the typical "special circumstances of the case" publish the guidance and supplement the corresponding rules of mitigating and sentencing. Only by standardizing the establishment of the time limit for review and the right of revision in the approval procedure can the system be solved that is too general to grasp the applicable malpractice and the feasibility of the system operation can be increased. Secondly, in order to reduce the application of the system to the maximum extent, it still needs to be supplemented by the corresponding perfect supporting procedures, strictly standardizing the reasons for the application and review of the adjudication, setting up the examination system of supervision and restriction, and establishing the case database. Only in this way can the system accord with the applicable effect of the legislative spirit and release the vitality of the special lightening system.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2
本文编号：2294304
[Abstract]:Especially the system of lightening is of great significance to realize the balance of crime and punishment and the justice of sentencing, but the operating state of the system in the judicial application is not as smooth as expected, showing the dilemma of being fictitious. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out the rescue work to break down the system's judicial obstacles and restore its vitality. In this paper, the author makes an empirical study on the specific application of the case of approving the application of special mitigated punishment, and reveals the root of the difficulty in the application of the system. On the one hand, the provisions of the conditions for application of the system are too abstract. " The standard of the special circumstances of the case is vague, which is not conducive to the determination and adjudication of the judge; the standard of the sentencing range below the statutory penalty is different, and the result of the judgment is difficult to be unified and coordinated; on the other hand, the provisions of the review procedure are not very reasonable. The stipulation of relegation to approval power is too strict, which leads to the excessive operating cost of the system; the absence of the provisions on the scope and duration of review, etc., which can not realize the benign interaction between entity and procedure; at the same time, Restricted by the concept of heavy punishment and the performance evaluation mechanism within the court, especially to alleviate the system in the gap to survive, is not easy! In particular, the theoretical reflection of reducing the judicial application of the system is aimed at criticizing theoretically the deficiencies reflected in the judicial application of the system in substance and procedure, and on the basis of affirming the theoretical functional value of the system. A comparative analysis of the views of the parties involved in the dispute is made, which is helpful to improve the special mitigation system. The way out to perfect the special mitigation system is to supplement the applicable rules of the system. First of all, from the system itself, the typical "special circumstances of the case" publish the guidance and supplement the corresponding rules of mitigating and sentencing. Only by standardizing the establishment of the time limit for review and the right of revision in the approval procedure can the system be solved that is too general to grasp the applicable malpractice and the feasibility of the system operation can be increased. Secondly, in order to reduce the application of the system to the maximum extent, it still needs to be supplemented by the corresponding perfect supporting procedures, strictly standardizing the reasons for the application and review of the adjudication, setting up the examination system of supervision and restriction, and establishing the case database. Only in this way can the system accord with the applicable effect of the legislative spirit and release the vitality of the special lightening system.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2
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