善治视域下地方政府绩效问责机制研究

发布时间：2019-03-24 13:06

【摘要】：2003年掀起的问责风暴,正式开启了行政问责在我国的制度化建设。各级政府积极开展了行政问责实践,出台了一系列法规条文,对官员因作为失当而导致的重大事故和重大损失进行责任追究,彰显了国家治政问责的决心。然而,几度掀起的问责风暴和不断涌现的问责新规,并未必然地提升政府治理绩效,以往的问责制往往疏于对日常行为效率及绩效结果的问责,滋生了一些政府官员“无为”的工作理念,效能低下、作风散漫等问题日益突出。在懒政治理走向常态化的今天,开展绩效问责,遏制低效无为,对于我国的政治建设和经济发展来说十分迫切。在中央的倡导下,近年来地方政府对绩效问责进行了积极探索,并取得了显著成效,如温州“效能革命”、武汉“治庸风暴”。但总体来说,绩效问责还处于理论与实践的探索期,在传统的政府管理模式下,一些地方在实施绩效问责时呈现出问责主体单一、结果运用简单化等特征,运动式问责、“管的太宽”、积极性不增反减等问题使得绩效问责受到了质疑诟病。在国家治理现代化的背景下,政府善治目标的实现与完善绩效问责机制之间具有着强关联性,以善治为研究视角,分析现有制度的弊端,重新梳理绩效问责机制的内涵,使之真正成为政府落实责任和提升绩效的利器,具有重要的现实意义。本文的研究内容共分为五个部分:第一部分,在界定相关概念的基础上,诠释了广义视角下绩效问责的概念,分析了绩效问责机制的构成要件与运作流程。第二部分,笔者梳理了善治的理论内涵,分析了以善治指导绩效问责机制建设的必要性与可行性,提出在善治视域下绩效问责机制应然具有的内涵特征。第三部分,分析地方政府绩效问责的实践现状,展开介绍了省、市、县三个层级地方政府的典型实践案例,归纳了地方政府绩效问责的特征。第四部分,运用善治理念,分析了当前地方政府绩效问责机制存在的问题及其成因。最后,针对问题成因,以善治的理念为指导,本文从问责启动、责任认定、信息共享、问责回应、法律保障五个方面,提出了完善地方政府绩效问责机制的建议。
[Abstract]:The storm of accountability set off in 2003 officially opened the institutionalized construction of administrative accountability in our country. Governments at all levels have actively carried out the practice of administrative accountability and issued a series of laws and regulations to hold officials accountable for major accidents and major losses caused by misconduct, thus demonstrating the determination of accountability for national governance. However, accountability storms and emerging new accountability regulations have not necessarily improved the performance of government governance, and the accountability system in the past is often overlooked in terms of accountability for the efficiency of day-to-day behavior and the results of performance. Some government officials have developed the idea of "doing nothing", and the problems of low efficiency and loose style are becoming more and more prominent. It is very urgent for the political construction and economic development of our country to carry out performance accountability and curb inefficiency in today's lazy governance. Under the initiative of the central government, the local government has actively explored the accountability for performance in recent years, and has achieved remarkable results, such as Wenzhou "efficiency revolution", Wuhan "governance storm". However, overall, performance accountability is still in the exploratory period of theory and practice. Under the traditional government management mode, some places show a single accountability subject in the implementation of performance accountability, and the results use simplicity and other characteristics, sports accountability, and so on. "too broad-minded", enthusiasm instead of increasing and reducing issues such as performance accountability has been criticized. Under the background of the modernization of national governance, there is a strong correlation between the realization of the government's goal of good governance and the improvement of the accountability mechanism for performance. From the perspective of good governance, the disadvantages of the existing system are analyzed, and the connotation of the accountability mechanism for performance is recombed. It is of great practical significance to make it a useful tool for the government to carry out its responsibility and improve its performance. The research contents of this paper are divided into five parts: the first part, on the basis of defining the related concepts, explains the concept of performance accountability from the broad perspective, and analyzes the constituent elements and operation process of the performance accountability mechanism. In the second part, the author combs the theoretical connotation of good governance, analyzes the necessity and feasibility of using good governance to guide the construction of performance accountability mechanism, and puts forward the connotation characteristics of performance accountability mechanism from the perspective of good governance. The third part analyzes the current situation of local government performance accountability, introduces the typical practice cases of local government at provincial, municipal and county levels, and summarizes the characteristics of local government performance accountability. The fourth part, using the concept of good governance, analyzes the existing problems and causes of local government performance accountability mechanism. Finally, under the guidance of the concept of good governance, this paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the accountability mechanism of local government from five aspects: starting of accountability, cognizance of responsibility, information sharing, accountability response and legal protection.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D630.9

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